Test 2 Part 1

Question 1

What is the term for the external female genitalia?

Answer 1

Vulva

Question 2

What is the name for the adipose tissue that covers the symphysis pubis?

Answer 2

mons pubis

Question 3

The labia minora fuse to form what structure?

Answer 3

the fourchette

Question 4

What are Skene glands for?

Answer 4

draining urethral glands

Question 5

Pelvic organs can be palpated through pockets around the cervix. What are these pockets called?

Answer 5

fornices

Question 6

What is shed during menstruation?

Answer 6

the endometrium (lining of uterus)

Question 7

What composes the adnexa?

Answer 7

fallopian tubes and ovaries

Question 8

T/F: The female infant has more epithelial layers in the vagina than an adult.

Answer 8

False; fewer

Question 9

What is the term for the first menstrual cycle? At what age does it typically occur?

Answer 9

menarche;

between 11 and 14

Question 10

During pregnancy the uterus enlarges as a result of what 2 hormones?

Answer 10

estrogen and progesterone

Question 11

T/F: During pregnancy, the cervix becomes bright red and vaginal secretions increase.

Answer 11

False; turns bluish

Question 12

When does menopause typically occur?

Answer 12

between 40 and 55 years of age

Question 13

What is the conventional definition of menopause?

Answer 13

1 year with no menses

Question 14

T/F: Essentially, all of the female reproductive organs go through some extent of atrophy after menopause.

Answer 14

True

Question 15

Lack of regular pap smears, HPV infection, oral contraceptives, smoking, HIV, and exposure to DES are all risk factors for what cancer?

Answer 15

Cervical cancer

Question 16

T/F: Cervical cancer has a higher incidence in Caucasian women.

Answer 16

false; higher in blacks, Hispanics, and native americans

Question 17

When do most cases of ovarian cancer develop?

Answer 17

after menopause (50% after age 63)

Question 18

Early menarche, infertility/nulliparity, and manopause after 50 y/o are all risk factors for what?

Answer 18

ovarian cancer; basically, the more menstrual cycles a woman has, the more likely she is to get ovarian cancer

Question 19

T/F: Ovarian cancer is more common in caucasians than blacks.

Answer 19

True

Question 20

Estrogen replacement therapy, diabetes, infertility/nulliparity, obesity, and Tamoxifen are all risk factors for what?

Answer 20

Endometrial Cancer

Question 21

How often are pelvic exams recommended for women?

Answer 21

annually

Question 22

What are the 4 parts of the Female Pelvic Exam?

Answer 22

External exam,
Internal exam (speculum exam,
Bimanual exam,
Recto-Vaginal exam (includes DRE)

Question 23

T/F: The internal/speculum exam is performed without lubricant jelly.

Answer 23

True

Question 24

At what angle is the speculum inserted?

Answer 24

45 degrees posteriorly

Question 25

Columnar mucosal cells usually found in the endocervical canal have extended out into the surface of the cervix, creating a circular erythematous appearance. What does this describe?

Answer 25

Everted cervix, a normal variant

Question 26

What does the Pap Smear evaluate the condition of?

Answer 26

the cervical cells

Question 27

T/F: It is estimated that the Pap Smear has decreased the death rate due to cervical CA by 75%.

Answer 27

True

Question 28

What is the transitional zone which is assessed during the Pap Smear?>

Answer 28

where the ectocervix meets the endocervix

Question 29

What are the 3 most common STI’s among women? Where is the highest incidence of STI’s in Iowa?

Answer 29

HPV, Herpes, and Chlamydia;

Quad cities

Question 30

Where are samples collected from during the Pap Smear?

Answer 30

ectocervix and endocervix

Question 31

What kind of swab is inserted into the os and rotated for 30 seconds in order to test for chlamydia and gonorrhea?

Answer 31

DNA probe or Dacron swab

Question 32

What condition is assessed/diagnosed by performing the “whiff test?”

Answer 32

bacterial vaginosis (has a fishy odor)

Question 33

What is the term for a general description of anything that causes symptomatic discharge and can be due to bacteria, viruses, fungi, or protozoans? The patient may talk about vaginal itching, burning, or a change in color/texture or odor of discharge.

Answer 33

Vulvovaginitis