TEST 2: Neuromuscular Adaptations to Musc. Training Flashcards
Reductions in IPSPs
May allow more motor units to reach threshold and or to reach threshold faster and more sychronously
Increase in rate coding
Ballistic Training [bench throws]
Reduction in Autogenic Inhibition
AUTOGENIC INHIBITION: reflex inhibition of motor neuron in response to excessive tension in muscle fibers it supplies; ex. GTOs
Inhibitory nervous mechanisms that prevent muscles from exerting more force can bones and connective tissue can safely bear
Autogenic inhibition mechanisms can be overridden at times and may gradually be reduced with resistance training
Neural Control of Strength Gains
- reduction in co-activation of antagonists
- changed in morphology of NMJ
Reduction in Co-Activation of Antagonists
- when agonists are activated, antagonists are activated to resist the movement
- to maximize the force generated by antagonist, co-activation of antagonists must be minimized
Integration of Neural Activation and Chronic Hypertrophy
- Neural adaptations make their greatest contribution to strength gains during the first 8-10 weeks of training, but progressively decrease as training continues.
- Initially, little hypertrophy occurs, but as training continues, progressively more hypertrophy occurs
Fatigue and its causes: Neural Transmission
Failure may occur at neuromuscular junction, preventing muscle activation
POSSIBLE CAUSES:
- decrease in ACh synthesis and release
- altered ACh breakdown in synapse
- increase in muscle fiber TP
- substances may compete for ACh receptors
- K+ may leave intracellular space, decreasing MP
Inhibition of Ca2+ release from SR
Fatigue and its causes: Central Nervous System
-undoubtedly plays role in fatigue but not fully understood yet
fiber recruitment has conscious aspect
- stress of exhaustive exercise may be too much
- subconscious of conscious unwillingness to endure more pain
- discomfort of fatigue=warning sign
- elite athletes learn proper pacing, tolerate fatigue
