Introduction: Quiz 1 Flashcards
Anatomy
Morphology
Physiology
Exercise Physiology
Homeostasis
-Walter Cannon, 1932
- Dynamic Constancy
- Unstressed or normal resting conditions
Steady State
- Steady physiological environment
- Not normal resting value, just unchanging
- Used during exercise
Biological Control Systems
Series of interconnected components that maintain a physical or chemical parameter of the body at a near constant value
Biological Control Systems Components
Receptor-component capable of detecting a change in a variable
Integrating center-control box-assesses strength of stimulus and sends an appropriate output message to the effector
Effector-corrects disturbance by changing environment back toward normal
Negative Feedback Systems
- reduces the intensity of the ongoing process in an attempt to return to the initial status quo
- return to homeostasis decreases/removes stimulus, stopping further response of system
- response negative to stimulus
Exercise is a _____…
Exercise is a stressor, disrupting homeostasis in many ways
Control Systems usually can _____…
Control systems usually can maintain steady-state during sub maximal exercise in a cool environment
Intense exercise or prolonged exercise in a hot/humid environment may _____…
Intense exercise or prolonged exercise in a hot/humid environment may exceed the ability to maintain steady-state
Improved exercise performance following training is mainly due to_____…
Improved exercise performance following training is mainly due to training adaptations that result in a better maintenance of homeostasis
Independent Variable
controlled
Dependent Variable
response or outcome variable
cannot be controlled
Confounding Variable
muddies up interpretation
no control or no control able to be had
you can’t do anything about it
Acute Responses to Exercise
short term
during or immediately afterwards
(heart rate increases) (sweating) (respiration increases)
Chronic Responses to Exercise
long term
repeated exercising
(start seeing changes in your body)
Confounding Factors
when assessing changes in physiological variables, many factors alter the body’s response to exercise-Confounding Factors
Thus, several factors ned to be controlled if we want accurate results
Enviromental Considerations
- temperature
- humidity
- amount of light
- amount of noise
- time and size of last meal
- quantity and quality of sleep
Sometimes the means necessary to measure a physiological parameter affect the results of the measurement
The means one must use to measure a parameter may affect or interfere with normal performance, thereby affecting the variable being measured
Menstrual Cycle
- 28 day cycle during which levels of LH and FSH fluctuate systematically
- large variations in many variables
Diurnal Cycle/ Circadian Rhythms
- fluctuations in physiological parameters that occur in a normal 24-hour period
- due to hormonal fluctuations
