Test 2 Lecture oct 3 Flashcards
explain the union and its implications of Isabel como Fernando
Two Kingdoms, Two Monarchs, One Marriage – Each one of them as valuable and as powerful as the other – Both Aragon and Castille are ruled as independent kingdoms – Political institutions are NOT merged
Isabel and Fernando both ruled what two kingdoms
Aragon and Castille
Isabel and Fernando also made alliances with who
Matrimonial alliances with the House of Burgundy and the House of Hapsburg, but also with Portugal and England (marriage of their daughter –Catherine of Aragon- to Henry VIII)
Isabel and Fernando consolidated (made stronger) what powers
Consolidation of the institution of the Monarchy over the high nobility in Castile - Consolidation of the power of the Crown of Aragon in the Mediterranean Sea
Economic and political goals of Isabel and Fernando
Financial and political stabilization of the Kingdom of Castile
how was the church and state under Isabel and Fernando
Strong alliance with the Catholic Church as a way to consolidate their political power – The Spanish Church is given ample civil and moral powers, but in return it must support and recognize the authority of the Monarch (who nominally recognizes the moral –but not political- authority of the Pope)
what Geographic Expansion did Isabel and Fernando initiate
Beginning of the exploration and colonization of America (1492)
what was the Religious/Cultural Uniformization of Isabel and Fernando
Fall of the Muslim kingdom of Granada (1492) - Segregation and Expulsion of the Iberian Jews (1492) - Creation of the Spanish Inquisition –A main tool in the cultural and religious homogenization of Spain -
what did Isabel and Fernando do for the arts
Renaissance patrons of the arts – Creation of new universities – Reception of Italian Humanism
Ferdinand of Aragon was who’s dream prince
Machiavelli’s Dream Prince
why was Ferdinand of Aragon Machiavelli’s Dream Prince
NOTHINGmakes a prince so much esteemed as great enterprises and setting a fine example. We have in our time Ferdinand of Aragon, the present King of Spain. He can almost be called a new prince, because he has risen, by fame and glory, from being an insignificant king to be the foremost king in Christendom; and if you will consider his deeds you will find them all great and some of them extraordinary. In the beginning of his reign he attacked Granada, and this enterprise was the foundation of his dominions. He did this quietly at first and without any fear of hindrance, for he held the minds of the barons of Castile occupied in thinking of the war and not anticipating any innovations; thus they did not perceive that by these means he was acquiring power and authority over them. He was able with the money of the Church and of the people to sustain his armies, and by that long war to lay the foundation for the military skill which has since distinguished him. Further, always using religion as a plea, so as to undertake greater schemes, he devoted himself with a pious cruelty to driving out and clearing his kingdom of the Moors; nor could there be a more admirable example, nor one more rare. Under this same cloak he assailed Africa, he came down on Italy, he has finally attacked France; and thus his achievements and designs have always been great, and have kept the minds of his people in suspense and admiration and occupied with the issue of them. And his actions have arisen in such a way, one out of the other, that men have never been given time to work steadily against him.
who was The First King of Spain
Charles I
when Isabel of Castille died, who was the heir
Queen Isabella died in 1504 - Joanna, the legitimate Queen of Castile
what was Joanna’s nickname
Joanna the Mad
why is Joanna nicknamed Joanna the Mad
Her father (King Ferdinand the Catholic) successfully argues that her daughter was mentally incapacitated to govern following the death of her husband - The Castilian Cortes agreed – Ferdinand appointed Joanna’s guardian and the kingdom’s administrator and governor
did joanna and her father have a good relationship
absolutely not, he wanted to be in power and sabotaged her
did the people of the kingdom want Joanna to rule or her father?
Against the wishes of part of the nobility who only recognized Juana, Ferdinand became the de facto Regent of Castile and confined Joanna in Tordesillas near Valladolid
how long did fernandad lock away his daughter Joanna
until the arrival of Joanna’s son, prince Charles, heir of both Castile and Aragon.