test 2 chapter 7&8 Flashcards
what is a group
two or more people who interact and exert mutual influnece on each other
what are the characteristics that a group shares
- a collective sense of identity
- distinctive roles
- group norms
what are the two needs that a group wants
- social needs
- task
what are the four stages of the linear model
1) forming
2) storming
3) norming
4) performing
5) adjourning
what are the three group development models
1) linear model
2) life cycle model
3) pendular model
what are the 5 stages of the pendular model
1) orientation
2) differentatition and conflict
3) resolution & cohesion
4) differentiation & conflict
5) termination
true or false
you can regress to earlier stages in the linear model if needed
true
what does the forming stage consist of
- characterized by anxiety and uncertainty
- exchanges are tentative and polite with limited self-disclosure
- impression management is high
- tension may be high enough to discourage some individuals from seeking group membership
- develop trust and interdependence among group members
what does storming stage consist of
begins when a group member resists the groups direction and norms
-expressed by (poor attendance, open hostility, forming coalitions, polarization, gossip)
true or false
groups need to go through storming stage every once in awhile
true
what are the undesirable consequences of conflict
group adjourns
what are the desirable consequences of conflict
- clarification of goals
- increased appreciation for & understanding of differences
- stimulated interest in group task or members
- reduced hostility
true or false
conflict is normal and healthy for a group when apart of the storming stage
true
it helps removing tension and stabilizes group membership
what is the most important stage of the linear model
storming stage
what does the norming stage consist of
- dissatisfaction decreases and members return to the group
- roles are established and norms develop to regulate and stabilize behavior
- cohesion develops (task & social)
what are the indicators that you are in the norming phase
- team language
- culture
- inside jokes
define cohesion
-a dynamic process reflected in the tendency for a group to stick together and remain united during a task
the degree to which group members work together to achieve common goals and objective (is this task or social cohesion)
task cohesion
the interpersonal attractions among group members (is this task or social cohesion)
social cohesion
what are the ways to measure cohesion
-questionnaires
-sociograms
challenging to capture group-level processes with individual-level data
what are the positive effects of cohesion
- positive relationship
- increased performance
