Test 2 Flashcards
three great fertile river valleys of Asia
- Tigris-Euphrates
- Indus
- Huang He/Yellow River
Asia makes up nearly __1__ of earth’s land and more than __2__ of earth’s people
- 1/3
- 1/2
the largest continent
Asia
the highest point on earth
Mount Everest
the lowest place on earth
Dead Sea
India’s first civilization
Indus Valley Civilization
indigenous people of India
Dravidians
fierce barbarians that conquered the Indus Valley Civilization and controlled India by 600 BC
Aryans
religion of the Indian region
Hinduism
Hindu’s one, absolute, impersonal, universal spirit
Brahma
the process of rebirth
reincarnation
a Hindu law where the soul evolves towards spiritual perfection; says that a person’s deeds in this life will directly affect their station in the next life
karma
India’s strict division of social classes
caste
two distinct cultural features of India
Hinduism and the caste system
four castes of India
- Brahmans (Hindu priests)
- princes/warriors
- landowners/merchants
- farmers/laborers/servants
a person who broke the caste system rules
outcaste/pariah/untouchable
native Indian family that drove out the Greeks
Maurya Empire
greatest Mauryan ruler
Asoka
Hindu nobleman who chose the monk life
Siddhartha Gautama
Buddha means ______
“Enlightened One”
The _____ is the lifestyle of Buddhists, extreme self-denial and avoidance of uncontrolled desire
“Middle Way”
a spiritual state of mind in Buddhism in which one can escape endless reincarnations, eliminate human desires, and become completely oblivious to self and the world
Nirvana
native Indian dynasty that inaugurated India’s “golden age”
Guptas
empire founded by Babar
Mogul Empire
“best of buildings” Mogul Emperor’s wife’s tomb
Taj Mahal
a language mix of Persian, Arabic, and Hindi
Hindustani
a cotton material with a checked or figured print
calico
the world’s oldest living civilization is _____
China
country with the world’s largest population
China
two great river systems of China
Huang He “China’s sorrow” and Yangtze
first known civilization of China shortly after the dispersion
Huang He Civilization
the name for the ancient Chinese land, believing they were the geographical and cultural center of the earth
Chung-Kuo (“Middle Country”)
a ruling family
dynasty
China’s first dynasty that developed a system of writing
Shang
China’s longest ruling dynasty
Chou
two philosophers from the Chou dynasty
- Lao-tse: harmony with nature
- Confucius: respect tradition, learning, honesty, and family
empire that united China
Ch’in
first emperor of a united China
Shih Huang Ti
dynasty that built the Great Wall of China
Ch’in
empire that was the height of ancient China’s power and glory
Han
Chinese empire at the same time as the Roman Empire
Han
the link between Rome and China
the Great Silk Road
fierce nomads from Northern Asia that were led by Genghis Khan
Mongols
the longest continental empire in history
Mongol Empire
dynasty led by Genghis Khan’s grandson Kublai Khan
Yuan Dynasty
Italian explorer who lived in China for 20 years and spread good reports of China
Marco Polo (Yuan Dynasty was when he was in China)
China’s dynasties:
- Shang
- Chou
- Ch’in
- Han
- Mongol
- Yuan
- Ming
- Ch’ing
an island country in the North Pacific Ocean
Japan
four major islands of Japan
Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku
means “Source of the Sun”
Nippon
original Caucasian inhabitants of Japan
Ainu
a religion of nature worship in Japan
Shinto