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10th Flashcards - history > Test 2 > Flashcards

Test 2 Flashcards

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1
Q

three great fertile river valleys of Asia

A
  1. Tigris-Euphrates
  2. Indus
  3. Huang He/Yellow River
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2
Q

Asia makes up nearly __1__ of earth’s land and more than __2__ of earth’s people

A
  1. 1/3
  2. 1/2
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3
Q

the largest continent

A

Asia

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4
Q

the highest point on earth

A

Mount Everest

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5
Q

the lowest place on earth

A

Dead Sea

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6
Q

India’s first civilization

A

Indus Valley Civilization

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7
Q

indigenous people of India

A

Dravidians

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8
Q

fierce barbarians that conquered the Indus Valley Civilization and controlled India by 600 BC

A

Aryans

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9
Q

religion of the Indian region

A

Hinduism

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10
Q

Hindu’s one, absolute, impersonal, universal spirit

A

Brahma

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11
Q

the process of rebirth

A

reincarnation

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12
Q

a Hindu law where the soul evolves towards spiritual perfection; says that a person’s deeds in this life will directly affect their station in the next life

A

karma

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13
Q

India’s strict division of social classes

A

caste

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14
Q

two distinct cultural features of India

A

Hinduism and the caste system

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15
Q

four castes of India

A
  1. Brahmans (Hindu priests)
  2. princes/warriors
  3. landowners/merchants
  4. farmers/laborers/servants
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16
Q

a person who broke the caste system rules

A

outcaste/pariah/untouchable

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17
Q

native Indian family that drove out the Greeks

A

Maurya Empire

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18
Q

greatest Mauryan ruler

A

Asoka

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19
Q

Hindu nobleman who chose the monk life

A

Siddhartha Gautama

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20
Q

Buddha means ______

A

“Enlightened One”

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21
Q

The _____ is the lifestyle of Buddhists, extreme self-denial and avoidance of uncontrolled desire

A

“Middle Way”

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22
Q

a spiritual state of mind in Buddhism in which one can escape endless reincarnations, eliminate human desires, and become completely oblivious to self and the world

A

Nirvana

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23
Q

native Indian dynasty that inaugurated India’s “golden age”

A

Guptas

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24
Q

empire founded by Babar

A

Mogul Empire

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25
Q

“best of buildings” Mogul Emperor’s wife’s tomb

A

Taj Mahal

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26
Q

a language mix of Persian, Arabic, and Hindi

A

Hindustani

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27
Q

a cotton material with a checked or figured print

A

calico

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28
Q

the world’s oldest living civilization is _____

A

China

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29
Q

country with the world’s largest population

A

China

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30
Q

two great river systems of China

A

Huang He “China’s sorrow” and Yangtze

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31
Q

first known civilization of China shortly after the dispersion

A

Huang He Civilization

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32
Q

the name for the ancient Chinese land, believing they were the geographical and cultural center of the earth

A

Chung-Kuo (“Middle Country”)

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33
Q

a ruling family

A

dynasty

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34
Q

China’s first dynasty that developed a system of writing

A

Shang

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35
Q

China’s longest ruling dynasty

A

Chou

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36
Q

two philosophers from the Chou dynasty

A
  1. Lao-tse: harmony with nature
  2. Confucius: respect tradition, learning, honesty, and family
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37
Q

empire that united China

A

Ch’in

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38
Q

first emperor of a united China

A

Shih Huang Ti

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39
Q

dynasty that built the Great Wall of China

A

Ch’in

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40
Q

empire that was the height of ancient China’s power and glory

A

Han

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41
Q

Chinese empire at the same time as the Roman Empire

A

Han

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42
Q

the link between Rome and China

A

the Great Silk Road

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43
Q

fierce nomads from Northern Asia that were led by Genghis Khan

A

Mongols

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44
Q

the longest continental empire in history

A

Mongol Empire

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45
Q

dynasty led by Genghis Khan’s grandson Kublai Khan

A

Yuan Dynasty

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46
Q

Italian explorer who lived in China for 20 years and spread good reports of China

A

Marco Polo (Yuan Dynasty was when he was in China)

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47
Q

China’s dynasties:

A
  1. Shang
  2. Chou
  3. Ch’in
  4. Han
  5. Mongol
  6. Yuan
  7. Ming
  8. Ch’ing
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48
Q

an island country in the North Pacific Ocean

A

Japan

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49
Q

four major islands of Japan

A

Hokkaido, Honshu, Kyushu, Shikoku

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50
Q

means “Source of the Sun”

A

Nippon

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51
Q

original Caucasian inhabitants of Japan

A

Ainu

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52
Q

a religion of nature worship in Japan

A

Shinto

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53
Q

a group of extended families who led the small states of Japan

A

clan

54
Q

Japanese clan that established a loose rule over other clans

A

Yamato clan

55
Q

“Founder of Japanese Civilization”

A

Prince Shotoku

56
Q

the period of time after Shotoku’s death when a central government was formed, the emperor owned the land, and a tax system began

A

Taika (Great Reform)

57
Q

Japanese word for emperor

A

Mikado

58
Q

second largest continent

A

Africa

59
Q

world’s largest desert

A

Sahara Desert

60
Q

world’s longest river

A

Nile River

61
Q

the ancient connection from Africa to Asia

A

Isthmus of Suez

62
Q

built in 1869 and connects Mediterranean Sea and the Indian Ocean

A

Suez Canal

63
Q

the most magnificent empire in the ancient world

A

Egypt

64
Q

Egypt’s original name

A

Mizraim

65
Q

original Egyptians, Hamitic people

A

Copts

66
Q

local name for Egypt

A

Kemet

67
Q

two kingdoms of Egypt

A
  1. Upper Egypt (South)
  2. Lower Egypt (North)
68
Q

the smaller division of Egypt, each having their own king

A

nomes

69
Q

united the two kingdoms and became the first Pharaoh of all Egypt

A

Menes

70
Q

_____ created the capital city of Memphis in the middle of Egypt

A

Menes

71
Q

At the time of _______ Egypt was the greatest power of the ancient world

A

the Exodus

72
Q

“Father of History”

A

Herodotus

73
Q

Greek explorer who gave Egypt the name “the Gift of the Nile”

A

Herodotus

74
Q

small rivers that form a triangle (delta) shape by the Mediterranean Sea

A

Nile Delta

75
Q

four gifts of the Nile

A
  1. soil (most important)
  2. transportation
  3. papyrus
  4. protection
76
Q
  1. the strange writings of the ancient Egyptians
  2. everyday writing of Egypt
A
  1. hieroglyphics
  2. hieratic
77
Q

a book of prayers placed in Egyptian tombs

A

Book of the Dead

78
Q

an ancient rock with three languages

A

Rosetta Stone

79
Q

a French scholar who worked for 14 years to decipher the Egyptian language

A

Champollion

80
Q
  1. Biblical name for Memphis
  2. Biblical name for Thebes
A
  1. Noph
  2. No
81
Q

“city of the dead”: all the remains of Thebes

A

necropolis

82
Q

god-king of Egypt

A

pharaoh

83
Q

the Pharaoh’s chief assistant

A

vizier

84
Q

The ______ best symbolizes the Egyptian Conception of state and society

A

Pyramid

85
Q

gods personified as nature or animals

A

naturalism

86
Q

Egyptian god represented with the body of a man, and head of a falcon

A

Horus

87
Q

process of preserving bodies

A

mummification

88
Q

the most famous mortuary temple belonged to _____

A

Hatshepsut (may have been Moses’ stepmom)

89
Q

one of the world’s greatest archeological discoveries (1922)

A

King Tut (Tutankhamen)

90
Q

Egyptian kingdom with their greatest art and architectural accomplishments

A

Old Kingdom

91
Q

Egyptian leader in the Middle Kingdom who reunited the two lands of Egypt

A

Mentuhotep I

92
Q

Egyptian dynasty in the Middle Kingdom when the Hebrew people are estimated to have arrived in Egypt

A

Twelfth Dynasty

93
Q

Asiatic warriors/”Shepherd kings”

A

Hyksos (ended the Middle Kingdom)

94
Q

AKA the Egyptian Empire

A

the New Kingdom

95
Q

a Theban prince who was the founder of the New Kingdom

A

Ahmose I

96
Q

Egyptian leader who was responsible for the greatest height of their power

A

Thutmose III

97
Q

Thutmose’s son who may have been involved in the Exodus

A

Amenhotep II

98
Q

most outstanding monarch of the later New Kingdom

A

Ramses II

99
Q

the center of Egyptian life and one of the great cities of the Arab world during the Middle Ages

A

Cairo

100
Q

Africa was known as this because it was an unexplored mystery until the 19th century

A

the Dark Continent

101
Q

____ of Africa is deserts

A

2/5

102
Q

desert in Southern Africa

A

Kalahari Desert

103
Q

Africa’s longest mountain range

A

Atlas Mountains

104
Q

tallest mountain of Africa

A

Mount Kilimanjaro

105
Q

Africa’s largest lake

A

Lake Victoria (source of Nile)

106
Q

world’s longest and second deepest lake

A

Lake Tanganyika

107
Q

largest rift in the earth’s surface

A

Great Rift Valley

108
Q

descendant of Ham who went to the “Fertile” Sahara Desert

A

Phut

109
Q

____ means “a bow”

A

Phut (they were skilled archers and mercenaries)

110
Q

greatest ancient civilization in Africa’s interior

A

Cush

111
Q

descendant of Ham who went to Sudan (South of Egypt)

A

Cush

112
Q

Cushite warrior who overcame Egypt

A

Pinakhi

113
Q

The first African on record to become a Christian

A

Ethiopian Eunuch

114
Q

mountainous region of Africa north of modern Ethiopia (Abyssinia)

A

Sabaea (Kingdom of Aksum)

115
Q

oldest surviving Christian hymn

A

“Shepherd of Tender Youth”

116
Q

greatest ruler of the Mali Empire

A

Mansa Musa

117
Q

the belief that natural objects and force are inhabited by mostly malignant spirits

A

animism

118
Q

Largest central empire from 1400-1700s

A

Kingdom of the Kongo

119
Q

owners of the 3 Great Pyramids of Giza (Cheops)

A

Khufu (largest pyramid), Khafre, and Menkaure

120
Q

the pharaoh at the time of the Exodus

A

Amenhotep II

121
Q

man with so much money that he gave it out on his trip to Mecca

A

Mansa Musa

122
Q

famous African trading empires in

A

Ghana Empire, Mali Empire, Songhai Empire, and the Kingdom of Benin

123
Q

algebra means __1__ and was invented in __2__

A
  1. the reunion of broken parts
  2. India
124
Q

the North African Christian Augustine spoke on ____

A

grace

125
Q

recorded Korean history began ______

A

108 BC

126
Q

the first major empire of India

A

Maurya Empire

127
Q

Japan and Korea were culturally similar to ______

A

China

128
Q

chief religions of Southeast Asia

A

Islam and Buddhism

129
Q

river that run westward into the Atlantic Ocean

A

Niger, Congo, and Orange River

130
Q

river that run into the Indian Ocean

A

Zambezi and Limpopo Rivers

131
Q

wrote “Shepherd of Tender Youth”

A

Clement

132
Q

ruler of Songhai that possessed more power and wealth than any other West African rulers

A

Askia the Great

10th Flashcards - history (7 decks)

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