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10th Flashcards - history > Chapter 7 > Flashcards

Chapter 7 Flashcards

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1
Q

two prominent regions of ancient Greece

A

Attica and Peloponnesus

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2
Q

earliest known European civilization; lived on the island of Crete

A

Minoans

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3
Q

ancient Greek civilization known for the Palace of King Minos at Knossos

A

Minoans

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4
Q

lived on mainland Greece; part of Trojan War

A

Mycenaeans (Homer was part of this group)

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5
Q

Greece fell to the ____ during the Dark Age

A

Dorians

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6
Q

Writings influenced the Greek religious beliefs and mythology

A

Homer

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7
Q

Homer’s two most famous writings

A

Iliad (about Troy) and Odyssey (about Odysseus)

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8
Q

humans given special powers by the gods

A

heroes

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9
Q

“city-state”

A

polis

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10
Q
  1. hilltop fortress
  2. marketplace
A
  1. acropolis
  2. agora
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11
Q

the first recorded date in recorded Greek history

A

the first Olympic games (776 B.C.)

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12
Q

battle of the Greco-Persian War where Darius sent his army to attack Athens but the Greeks defeated them

A

Battle of Marathon

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13
Q

son of Darius

A

Xerxes I

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14
Q

battle where Xerxes attacked the Greeks to avenge his father with a huge army, and the Spartans held them off for a while, but Xerxes I eventually won

A

Battle of Thermopylae

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15
Q

first major naval battle in history

A

Battle of Salamis

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16
Q

Athenian leader that tricked Xerxes into fighting a naval battle

A

Themistocles

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17
Q

Xerxes’ defeat in Greece was _______

A

a turning point in world history

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18
Q

form of government that is rule by one

A

monarchy

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19
Q

rule by “the best”

A

aristocracy

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20
Q

first people in history to reject one-man rule

A

Greeks

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21
Q

rule by the few (typically rich)

A

oligarchy

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22
Q

rule by one man who has seized power by rebellion and insurrection

A

tyranny

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23
Q

rule by the many

A

democracy

24
Q

Greek government’s vicious cycle was ___

A

democracy to oligarchy to tyranny and repeat

25
Q

Sparta’s chief accomplishment

A

Peloponnesian League

26
Q

strict laws where every offense was punished by death

A

Draco’s Code

27
Q

other set of laws that were fair and gave people more freedoms

A

Solon’s Laws

28
Q

first tyrant of Athens

A

Peisistratus

29
Q

founded Athens’ first library

A

Peisistratus

30
Q

Champion of the People

A

Cleisthenes (from Athens); (practiced ostracism)

31
Q

brought Athenian democracy to its fullest measure

A

Pericles

32
Q

Greek leader that was responsible for the Golden Age of Greece

A

Pericles

33
Q

Athens’ alliance that eventually became the Athenian Empire

A

Delian League

34
Q

the Peloponnesian War was fought between ____

A

Athens and Sparta

35
Q

leader of Athens during the Peloponnesian War

A

Pericles

36
Q

____ won the Peloponnesian War

A

Sparta

37
Q

defeated Sparta after the Peloponnesian War and the cities of Greece became independent

A

Thebes

38
Q

group of people who called themselves Greeks but weren’t accepted by the Greeks

A

Macedonians

39
Q

king of Macedonia who gained control of most of Greece

A

Philip II

40
Q

Philip II’s son who became king after his father was murdered

A

Alexander the Great

41
Q

Alexander the Great’s tutor

A

Aristotle

42
Q

Alexander the Great’s most lasting accomplishment to world history

A

spreading Greek culture

43
Q

Greek philosopher that taught “man is the measure of all things”

A

Protagoras

44
Q

introduced fables, short stories to teach a moral

A

Aesop

45
Q

two forms of Greek drama

A

tragedies and comedies

46
Q

wrote Oedipus Rex and Antigone (two famous Greek tragedies)

A

Sophocles

47
Q
  1. introduced geometry concepts
  2. recognized atoms
  3. “Father of Medicine”
A
  1. Pythagoras
  2. Democritus
  3. Hippocrates
48
Q

“lover of wisdom”

A

philosopher

49
Q

believed that there were no absolute truths

A

Sophists (Relativists)

50
Q

“Know thyself”

A

Socrates

51
Q

ultimate foundational truths

A

absolutes

52
Q

Written philosophy (dialogues); attempted to find an explanation for the obvious order, design, and purpose in the universe

A

Plato

53
Q

Concluded that the order of the universe must have come from God

A

Aristotle

54
Q

Time from Alexander the Great (323 BC) to the Roman Conquest of Egypt (30 BC)

A

Hellenistic Age

55
Q

Founded Stoicism

A

Zeno

56
Q

Emphasized indulgence of one’s bodily appetites and physical pleasures of life

A

Epicurus

10th Flashcards - history (7 decks)

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