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10th Flashcards - history > Chapter 11 > Flashcards

Chapter 11 Flashcards

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1
Q
  1. “servant”
  2. “overseers”
A
  1. deacon
  2. bishops
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2
Q

first Christian church

A

Jerusalem Church

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3
Q

“universal” or “one”

A

Catholic

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4
Q

______ became the most prominent Christian church

A

Church of Rome

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5
Q

declared every church must agree with the church of Rome

A

Iranaeus

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6
Q

the belief that apostolic authority could be passed on from leader to leader

A

apostolic succession

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7
Q

idea that Christ founded his church on Peter and Peter passed on his position to the Bishop of Rome

A

Petrine theory

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8
Q

supreme leader of the Roman Church

A

pope (“papa”)

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9
Q

first recognized pope

A

Pope Leo I

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10
Q

pope responsible for the “Two Swords” doctrine, which separated church and state

A

Pope Gelasius I

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11
Q

first medieval pope

A

Pope Gregory I

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12
Q

pope who said “every creature to be subject to the Roman Church is altogether necessary for salvation”

A

Pope Boniface VII

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13
Q

means grace, humanistic plan of salvation based on man’s works

A

sacraments

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14
Q

to be cut off from the church

A

excommunication

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15
Q

the bread and wine of the Lord’s supper literally became the body and blood of Christ in the hands of the priest

A

transubstantiation

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16
Q

deceased Christians officially recognized by the church as holy

A

Saints

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17
Q

the act of transferring good works form the “treasury of merit” for a fee

A

indulgences

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18
Q

an in between place where people wait before being fit for heaven

A

purgatory

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19
Q

the Latin translation of the Bible

A

Vulgate

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20
Q

translated the Bible from Latin to English

A

John Wycliffe

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21
Q

translated the Bible for the people of the Alps

A

Peter Waldo

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22
Q
  1. forbade anyone except a clergyman to possess a copy of the Bible
  2. year this was done
A
  1. Council of Toulouse
  2. 1229
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23
Q

practice of withdrawing from society to live in solitude

A

monasticism

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24
Q

people who practiced monasticism and the women who did

A

monks and nuns

25
Q

earliest monks who lived in the wilderness

A

hermit

26
Q

abstinence from marriage

A

celibacy

27
Q

perch alone atop a stone pillar for 37 years

A

Simeon Stylites

28
Q

religious communities isolated from the rest of society

A

monasteries

29
Q
  1. the religious rules of monasteries
  2. the head of the monastery
A
  1. orders
  2. abbot
30
Q

an Italian monk who founded a monastery at Monte Cassino

A

Benedict

31
Q

a new kind of monk who also preached and did missionary work outside the monastery

A

friars (Franciscans and Dominicans)

32
Q

the most dominant Germanic tribe after the collapse of the Roman Empire

A

the Franks

33
Q
  1. the first great Frankish leader
  2. he professed his Christianity in ______
A
  1. Clovis
  2. 498
34
Q

a line of Frankish kings named for Clovis’s grandfather Merovee

A

Merovingians

35
Q

the chief official of the Merovingian household

A

Mayor of the Palace

36
Q

most famous Mayor of the Palace

A

Charles Martel (“the Hammer”)

37
Q

Charles Martel defeated the Moors at ___

A

the Battle of Tours

38
Q

Martel’s son, next Mayor of the Palace

A

Pepin the Short

39
Q

commenced the Carolingian line of Frankish kings

A

Pepin the Short

40
Q

land won from the Lombard tribe by Pepin and gifted to the Roman Church

A

“Donation of Pepin” ; the Papal State

41
Q

greatest of the Carolingian kings

A

Charlemagne (French for Charles the Great)

42
Q

Charlemagne was crowned Emperor of the Romans in _____

A

800

43
Q

Charlemagne established the ________, or “king’s envoy”

A

Missi Dominici

44
Q

Charlemagne’s only surviving son who inherited the crown

A

Louis the Pious

45
Q

divided Charlemagne’s empire into 3 parts

A

Treaty of Verdun

46
Q

eastern invaders and Asian nomads who were called “the Scourge of Europe”

A

Magyars

47
Q

AKA Norsemen, German barbarians known for longships

A

Vikings

48
Q

a significant Viking settlement in France

A

Normandy

49
Q

Duke of Saxony, acted as king of Germany

A

Henry the Fowler (part of the Saxon line)

50
Q

Emperor of the Romans who started the Holy Roman Empire by forming an alliance with the church

A

Otto the Great

51
Q

German monarchy reached the peak of its power under ___

A

Henry IV (Salian line)

52
Q

nobles who held the right to choose the king

A

electors

53
Q

the first Hohenstaufen emperor

A

Frederick Barbarossa “Red Beard”

54
Q

Barbarossa’s grandson. Wanted to expand his empire to Southern Italy and clashes with the papacy

A

Frederick II

55
Q
  1. decreed that the pope should only be chosen by cardinals (priests)
  2. his advisor was ____
A
  1. Nicolas II
  2. Hildebrand (Gregory VII)
56
Q

the papacy reached its zenith of power and influence under ___

A

Pope Innocent III

57
Q

a council in Rome which sanctioned transubstantiation

A

Fourth Lateran Council

58
Q

Innocent III established a(n) _____, which caused no infant baptism, no masses, no confessions

A

interdict

10th Flashcards - history (7 decks)

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