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Anatomy > Test 1 - 8/16/18 > Flashcards

Test 1 - 8/16/18 Flashcards

1
Q

Anatomy

A

The study of Structure

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2
Q

Physiology

A

Study of Body Function

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3
Q

Appendicular

A

Pertaining to the upper and lower limbs

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4
Q

Pericardium

A

Membrane surrounding the heart

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5
Q

Cerebrum

A

Largest portion of the brain

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6
Q

Append

A

To hang something

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7
Q

Cardi

A

Heart

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8
Q

Cerebr

A

Brain

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9
Q

ology

A

the study of

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10
Q

Artery

A

Vessel which carries blood from the heart ( usually Oxygenated)
Artery is Latin for “Air Holder”

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11
Q

Genitals

A

Structures associated with reproduction

from the word Genesis meaning birth

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12
Q

1st Trimester

A

0-12 weeks

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13
Q

2nd Trimester

A

13-28 weeks

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14
Q

3rd Trimester

A

29-40 weeks

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15
Q

Anatomical Stance

A

Standing upright, face forward, and palms forward

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16
Q

Carotid

A

Arteries in neck which take blood to the brain

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17
Q

Carotid

A

Meaning Stupor, if press on carotid arteries you decrease blood flow to the brain and go into stupor

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18
Q

Uterus

A

Female reproductive organ which houses a growing individual

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19
Q

Microscopic Anatomy

A

Studying the cells and tissues of the body with the aid of light and electron microscopes

  • Light provides up to 1000 x magnification
  • Electron provides over 30,000 x magnification
  • both used to observe dead tissue
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20
Q

Transmission Electron Microscopes

A

Electrons pass through tissues to show what’s in

side

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21
Q

Scanning Electron Microscopes

A

Electrons scan the surface of tissue to provide 3-D images

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22
Q

MRI (Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Imaging)

A

Using radio waves and magnets to provide a view of the anatomy of the body

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23
Q

Functional MRI

A

Combines physiology with anatomy by picking up amounts of oxygen consumption in different part of the body

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24
Q

CT Scan (Computed Axial Tomography)

A

Uses X-rays to view sections of the body

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25
Q

PET Scan (Position Emission Tomography)

A

Uses radioactive materials to localize whatever you’re looking for

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26
Q

Ultrasound

A

Uses sound waves to produce an image of the body’s internal structure(s)

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27
Q

Subatomic Particles

A

electrons, protons, neutrons

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28
Q

Atom

A

Hydrogen atom, lithium atom

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29
Q

Molecule

A

water molecule, glucose molecule

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30
Q

Macromolecule

A

Protein molecule, DNA molecule

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31
Q

Organelle

A

Mitochondrion, Golgi apparatus, nucleus

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32
Q

Cell

A

Muscle cell, nerve cell

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33
Q

Tissue

A

Simple squamous epithelium, loose connective tissue

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34
Q

Organ

A

Skin, femur, heart, kidney

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35
Q

Organ System

A

integumentary system, skeletal system, digestive system

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36
Q

Organism

A

Human

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37
Q

Integumentary Organs

A

Organs:Skin, Hair, nails, sweat gland, sebaceous glands

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38
Q

Skeletal Organs

A

Organs:Bones, Ligaments, cartilages

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39
Q

Integumentary Functions

A

Functions:Protect tissues, regulate body temperatures, support sensory receptors

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40
Q

Skeletal Functions

A

Provide framework, protect soft tissues, provide attachments for muscles, produce blood cells, store inorganic salts

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41
Q

Muscular Organs

A

Muscles

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42
Q

Muscular Functions

A

Cause movement, maintain posture, produce body heat

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43
Q

Nervous Organs

A

Brain, Spinal cord, nerves, sense organs

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44
Q

Nervous Functions

A

Detect changes, receive and interpret sensory information, stimulate muscles and glands

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45
Q

Endocrine Organs

A

Glands that secrete hormones (pituitary gland, thyroid gland, parathyroid glands, adrenal glands, pancreas, ovaries, testes, pineal gland, and thymus)

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46
Q

Endocrine Functions

A

Control metaboluc activities of body structure

47
Q

Cardiovascular Organs

A

Heart, arteries, capillaries, veins

48
Q

Cardiovascular Functions

A

Move blood through blood vessels and transport substances throughout body

49
Q

Lymphatic Organs

A

Lymphatic vessels, lymph nodes, thymus, spleen

50
Q

Lymphatic Functions

A

Return tissue fluid to the blood, carry certain absorbed food molecules, defend the body against infection

51
Q

Digestive Organs

A

Mouth, tongue, teeth, salivary glands, pharynx, esophagus, stomach, liver, gallbladder, pancreas, small and large intestines

52
Q

Digestive Functions

A

Receive, break down, and absorb food; eliminate un absorbed material

53
Q

Respiratory Organs

A

Nasal cavity, pharynx, larynx,trachea, bronchi, lungs

54
Q

Respiratory Functions

A

Intake and output of air, exchange of gases between air and blood

55
Q

Urinary Organs

A

Kidneys, ureters, urinary bladder, urethra

56
Q

Urinary Functions

A

Remove wastes from blood, maintain water and electrolyte balance, store and transport urine

57
Q

Reproductive Organs

A

Male:Scrotum, testes, epididymides, ductus deferentia, seminal vesicles, prostate gland, bulbourethral glands, urethra, penis

Female:Ovaries, Uterine tubes, uterus, vagina, clitoris, vulva

58
Q

Reproductive Functions

A

Produce and maintain egg cells, receive sperm cells, support development of an embryo and function in birth process

59
Q

Axial

A

Head, neck, trunk

60
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintaining inside and out

61
Q

Body cavity are located _____

A

axial or trunk

62
Q

Our ____is the largest organ by weight

63
Q

Water Characteristics

A

A chemical Substance

64
Q

Water Use

A

For metabolic processes, as a medium for metabolic reactions, to transport substances, and to regulate body temperature

65
Q

Food Characteristics

A

Various chemical Substances

66
Q

How much water are you supposed to have a day?

A

Body weight divide by 2 and divide by 8

67
Q

Food Use

A

To supply energy and raw materials for the production of necessary substances and for the regulation of vital reactions

68
Q

Oxygen Characteristics

A

A Chemical Substance

69
Q

Oxygen Use

A

To help release energy from food substances

70
Q

Heat Characteristics

A

A form of energy

71
Q

Heat Use

A

To help regulate the rates of metabolic reactions

72
Q

Pressure Characteristics

73
Q

Pressure Use

A

Atmospheric pressure for breathing; hydro-static pressure to help circulate blood

74
Q

Homeostasis

A

The body’s maintenance of a stable environment
Controlled primarily by the nervous and endocrine systems
Maintained through homeostatic mechanisms, all of which have. receptors, control center, effectors

75
Q

Major features of the human body include body ______, various types of _______ and ________

A

Cavities, membrane, and organ systems

76
Q

Body cavities are located in the ___ portions of the body

77
Q

All body cavities are lined with ______

78
Q

the diaphragm is shaped like a _____.

79
Q

Diaphragm separates _____ and ___ cavities

A

Thoracic and AP

80
Q

Name the body cavities of the head

A 
Cranial
Middle ear
nasal
oral 
frontal sinuses
 orbital 
Spehenoidal sinus
81
Q

Visceral pleura

A

cover the lung

82
Q

Visceral pericardium

83
Q

All of the membranes are serous _______.

84
Q

Medial vs. Lateral

A

Medial is closer to midline; lateral is closer to the side.

85
Q

Proximal vs. distal

A

proximal is closer to the trunk; distal is farther away from the trunk.

86
Q

Superior vs. Inferior

A

above vs pleural

87
Q

Anterior vs. Posterior

A

front vs back

88
Q

Dorsal and ventral

A

Back and Front

89
Q

Cran

90
Q

Cranial

A

pertaining to the part of the skull that surrounds the brain

91
Q

Dors

92
Q

dorsal

A

position toward the back of the body

93
Q

Homeo

94
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintenance of a stable internal environment

95
Q

Meta

96
Q

Metabolism

A

Chemical changes in the body

97
Q

Nas

98
Q

Nasal

A

Pertaining to the nose

99
Q

Orb

100
Q

Orbital

A

Pertaining to the portion of the skull that encircles an eye

101
Q

Pariet

102
Q

Parietal Membrane

A

Membrane that lines the wall of a cavity

103
Q

Pelv

104
Q

Peri

105
Q

Pelvic activity

A

basin-shaped cavity enclosed by the pelvic bones

106
Q

Pericardial membrane

A

Membrane that surrounds the heart

107
Q

Pleur

108
Q

Pleural Membrane

A

Membrane that encloses the lungs within the rib cages

109
Q

Stasis

A

Standing Still

110
Q

Homeostasis

A

Maintenance of stable environment

111
Q

Super

112
Q

Superior

A

Referring to a body part located above another

113
Q

Tomy

Anatomy (20 decks)

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