Muscle Notes Part 2 Flashcards

1
Q

Masseter

A

Origin: Zygomatic

Insertion:Ramus and angle of mandible

Action:Closes jaw

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2
Q

What two muscles are necessary to close the jaw?

A

Temporalis and masseter

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3
Q

How many pounds of pressure per square inch can the human jaw exert?

A

About 200 pounds of pressure per square inch

Think of Mike Tyson when he bit off another boxer’s ear

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4
Q

Can other animal’s jaws exert more pounds of pressure per square inch that a human jaw?

A

A Rottweiler can exert about 330 pounds of pressure per square inch

A snapping turtle can exert even more pressure than a Rottweiler

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5
Q

Sternocleidomastoid (prayer muscle)

A

Origin:Sternum and clavicle

Insertion:Mastoid process of temporal bone

Action:Pulls head to one side when only one contracts; flexes neck when both contract like you bowing your head to pray

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6
Q

Trapezius (named for trapezoid; has two parallel sides; on superior and posterior portion of back)

A

Origin: Occipital bone and ligamentum nuchae

Insertion:Spine of scapula and lateral third of clavicle

Action:Four actions 1 adducts scapula 2 depresses scapula 3 raises or elevates scapula 4 extends the head

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7
Q

Latissimus Dorsi (on inferior and posterior back)

A

Origin: Thoracolumbar fascia, all lumbar spines, lower thoracic spines

Insertion: Humeris

Action: Medial rotate, adduct, and depress humerus

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8
Q

Pectoralis major (chest muscle)

A

Origin:Sternum, medial clavicle, 2-6 costal cartilages

Insertion: Humerus

Action: Adduct and medial rotate the humerus

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9
Q

Deltoid (gives definition to the shoulder; is both anterior and posterior )

A

Origin:Lateral clavicle and spine of scapula

Insertion:Humerus

Action:Abducts humerus, assists the biceps and triceps

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10
Q

Rotator Cuffs

A

Four muscles associated with the scapula and having the same O, I, and A

Form a protective “cuff” around the ball and socket joint of the shoulder

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11
Q

Supraspinatus

A

(above spine of posterior scapula)

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12
Q

Infraspinatus

A

(below spine of posterior scapula)

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13
Q

Subscapularis

A

(covers anterior scapula)

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14
Q

Teres Minor

A

(on small portion of posterior scapula)

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15
Q

Rotator Cuffs

A

Origin:Scapula

Insertion:Proximal humerus

Action:Adduct and abduct humerus, mediallu, and laterally rotate humerus

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16
Q

Biceps Brachii (anterior arm muscle with two heads)

A

Origin: Short head -coracoid process of scapula; long head-superior lip of glenoid cavity

Insertion:Radius

Action:Supinator (turns hand palm up) and flexes forearm

17
Q

Triceps Brachii (posterior arm muscle with three heads)

A

Origin: 1 head on scapula; 2 heads on proximal humerus

Insertion: Olecranon process of ulna

Action: Extends forearm, stabilizes the hinge joint of the elbow

18
Q

Forearm muscles in general

A

Anterior forearm muscles are flexors of wrists and fingers

Posterior forearm muscles are extensors of wrists and fingers

19
Q

Rectus abdominis (also called the six pack)

A

Origin: 5th, 6th, and 7th costal cartilages; xiphoid process of sternum

Insertion: Pubic bone; pubic symphysis

Action: Supports and protects abdominal and pelvic viscera; flexes vertebral column;hold in your gut)

20
Q

The ____ ____ (white line of connective tissue going down midline of rectus abdominis) and umbilicus (belly button) are both landmarks of the rectus abdominis. The linea alba has no blood vessels so incisions are commonly made her to lessen bleeding

A

linea alba

21
Q

The ____ _____has three muscles associated with it: transversus abdominis (innermost layer with muscle fibers extending around the midline); internal oblique (middle layer with muscle fibers running up at an angle) and external oblique (outermost layer with fibers running down at an angle )

A

rectus abdominis

22
Q

External Oblique

A

Origin: Lower 8 ribs

Insertion: Linea alba

Action:Support and protect abdominal and pelvic viscera; flex vertebral column; aid in breathing, vomintting, defecating, childbirth, laughing, coughing, sneezing