TERMS

Question 1

the strong outer covering of the arterial vessle, composed of CT as well as collagen and elastic fibers. stretching occurs from increased pressure

Answer 1

tunica adventitia

Question 2

the middle layer of the arterial vessel composed of SM and elastic fibers. The layer is thicker in the arteries than the veins

Answer 2

tunica media

Question 3

the inner layer of the arterial vessel composed of an elastic membrane lining and smooth endothelium covered by elastic tissues

Answer 3

tunica intima

Question 4

abnormal dilatation of an artery

Answer 4

aneurysms

Question 5

paroxysmal bilateral digital arterial vasospasm, related to sympathetic response either primary or secondary

Answer 5

raynauds

Question 6

symmetric, persistent cyanosis of distal extremities (feet/hands/digits)

Answer 6

acrocyanosis

Question 7

etiology unk. sympathetic mediated constriction of arterioles with concurrent atony of the venioles

Answer 7

livedo reticularis

Question 8

plaque builds up in the arteries and results in narrowing of the artery

Answer 8

atherosclerosis

Question 9

hardening of the arteries

Answer 9

arteriosclerosis

Question 10

inflammatory condition of medium and small sized arteries and veins leading to thrombotic occlusion and potentially necrosis of acral segments of extremities

Answer 10

thromboangiitis obliterans (buergers disease)

Question 11

affects small arteries of the foot and may still have DP and PT pulses?

Answer 11

blue toe syndrome

Question 12

encompasses the vascular diseases caused by atherosclerosis and thromboembolic pathophysiologic processes that alter normal structure

Answer 12

PAD

Question 13

functional impairment that happens during ambulation and relieved by rest

ABI: 0.7

Answer 13

intermittent claudication

Question 14

pain in the forefoot, extends farther up the leg, mainly associated with positional elevation

ABI: 0.4-0.5

Answer 14

rest pain

Question 15

condition where ischemic pain, non healing ulcers or tissue loss in one or both legs remains for 2 or more weeks, and the condition is objectively attributable to proven arterial occlussive disease

Answer 15

critical limb ischemia

Question 16

acute limb ischemia is defined as a rapid or sudden decrease in limb perfusion that threatens limb viability

Answer 16

acute limb ischemia

Question 17

divides the body into 3-d vascular territories supplied by specific arteries and veins

Answer 17

angiosomes

Question 18

condition characterized by local infl skin lesions resulting from acute or repetitive exposure to damp cold above the freezing level

Answer 18

chilblains (pernio)

Question 19

involves injury to the sym nerves and vasculature of the feet after a prolonged exposure of the feet to a comb of cold and dampness/wetness

Answer 19

trench foot/immersion foot

Question 20

severe, localized cold induced injury due to freezing of tissue

Answer 20

frostbite