Temporomandibular Joint Flashcards
DEFINITION
•Consist of ——— bone suspended from the ——— bone via ligaments and muscles
•It is a true synovial joint with ——, ——, —— and ——— movements
•Both bones are separated by a ———
which divides it into how many cavities
•——— of mandible articulating with ——— of temporal bone
DEFINITION
•Consist of mandible bone suspended from the temporal bone via ligaments and muscles
•It is a true synovial joint with gliding, hinging, sliding and slight rotation
•Both bones are separated by a meniscus disc
which divides it into two cavities
•Condyloid process of mandible articulating with mandibular fossa of temporal bone
——— surrounds the articular surfaces and blends with articular disc
• It is lined by synovial membrane except the ——— surface
• Has ligaments strengthening the joint
———— – lateral
———— - anterior
———— - posterior
Fibrous capsule surrounds the articular surfaces and blends with articular disc
• It is lined by synovial membrane except the articular disc surface
• Has ligaments strengthening the joint
temporomandibular – lateral
sphenomandibular - anterior
stylomandibular - posterior
IMPORTANT RELATIONS
•Maxillary vessels - lie b/t the ——— and ———
•Stylomandibular lig – seperates the —— from the ———-
•Ext. carotid artery divides into terminal branches behind the ———
•Inf. Alveolar nerve enters the ——Foramen
•Lingual nerve runs ——, —— and —— to the above
IMPORTANT RELATIONS
•Maxillary vessels - lie b/t the sphenomandibular lig and neck of condyle
•Stylomandibular lig – seperates the submandibular gland from the parotid gland
•Ext. carotid artery divides into terminal branches behind the neck
•Inf. Alveolar nerve enters the mand. Foramen
•Lingual nerve runs parallel, medial and post to the above
IMPORTANT RELATIONS
•——— - lie b/t the sphenomandibular lig and neck of condyle
•——— – seperates the submandibular gland from the parotid gland
•——— divides into terminal branches behind the neck
•——— enters the mand. Foramen
——— runs parallel, medial and post to the above
IMPORTANT RELATIONS
•Maxillary vessels - lie b/t the sphenomandibular lig and neck of condyle
•Stylomandibular lig – seperates the submandibular gland from the parotid gland
•Ext. carotid artery divides into terminal branches behind the neck
•Inf. Alveolar nerve enters the mand. Foramen
•Lingual nerve runs parallel, medial and post to the above
BOUNDARIES
•Anterior –
•Posterior –
•Lateral -
•Medial -
BOUNDARIES
•Anterior – anterior joint eminence
(Lat.pterygoid msl, masseteric nerve and vessels
•Posterior – external auditory meatus
(glenoid process of parotid gland)
•Lateral - zygomatic arch
(parotid gland, fascia and skin)
•Medial - styloid process
(maxillary vessels and auriculotemporal nerve)
MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
•Temporalis – function:
•Masseter –function:
•Medial pterygoid – function:
•Lateral pterygoid – function:
•Suprahyoid and infrahyoid – function:
All are innervated by the——
MUSCLES OF MASTICATION
•Temporalis – closes the jaw while the posterior part retracts the jaw
•Masseter – closes the jaw
•Medial pterygoid – closes the jaw
•Lateral pterygoid – depresses, protudes and moves mandible from side to side
•Suprahyoid and infrahyoid – depression of mandible
All are innervated by the mandibular division of trigeminal
MOVEMENT OF TMJ and their muscles
•Protraction –
•Retraction –
Elevation –
•Depression –
•Lateral rotation –
MOVEMENT OF TMJ
•Protraction – forward movt of the mouth
(lateral and medial pterygoid, sup fibres of
masseter)
•Retraction – backward movt of the mouth
(temporalis, deep fibers of masseter, digastric
and geniohyoid)
•Both movts occur in the superior compactment
Elevation –produced by temporalis, masseter, medial pterygoid
•Depression – produced by gravity , lateral pterygoid,digastric, geniohyoid and mylohyoid
•Lateral rotation – by medial and lateral pterygoids
•Both movts occur in the inferior compactment
•They are important for mastication and speech
MENISCUS DISC
•Held in place by —— and —— ligaments and ——— pad
•Internal derangement in —% of people
MENISCUS DISC
•Synovial fluid above and below
•It’s a shock absorber
•Held in place by medial and lateral capsular ligaments and retro – disc pad
•Internal derangement in 50% of people
(anterior and medial common jaw pops)
BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY OF TMJ
Include:
BLOOD AND NERVE SUPPLY OF TMJ
•Superficial temporal – terminal branch ext carotid
•Maxillary artery – from external carotid
•Inferior alveolar – mylohyoid and lingular
•Middle meningeal
•Auriculotemporal nerve - from the posterior division of mandibular branch
•Masseteric nerve - from anterior division of the mandibular branch trigeminal of
Clinical considerations
———of TMJ arises from delayed movement of the articular disc
•Branching of —— and —— nerve arising near the joint
•——— of the joint – inflammatory changes causing pains and functional deficit
•Locking of jaw in tetanus and paralyses of ——— muscle resulting into wasting of the muscles
Crepitus of TMJ arises from delayed movement of the articular disc
•Branching of facial nerve and auriculo- temporal nerve arising near the joint
•Arthritis of the joint – inflammatory changes causing pains and functional deficit
•Locking of jaw in tetanus and paralyses of temporalis muscle resulting into wasting of the muscles
INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
•It is an irregular space located behind the ————
•Communicates with the —— fossa thru the space between the —— and the ——
•Also communicates with the middle cranial fossa thru the ——— and ———
INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
•It is an irregular space located behind the maxilla
•Contains muscles, vessels, nerves in close interrelationship with each other
•Communicates with the temporal fossa thru the space between the zarch and the temple
•Also communicates with the middle cranial fossa thru the foramina ovale and spinosum
BOUNDARIES OF THE infra temporal FOSSA
•Superior – ———
•Inferior – ————
•Medially – ———
•Laterally – ———
•Anteriorly – ———
•Posteriorly – ———
BOUNDARIES OF THE FOSSA
•Superior – greater wing of sphenoid and squamous temporal bone
•Inferior – no anatomical structure
•Medially – lateral pterygoid plate
•Laterally – ramus of mandible
•Anteriorly – posterior surface of maxilla
•Posteriorly – mastoid and styloid processes of temporal bone and tympanic plate
CONTENTS OF THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
•Muscles –
•Arteries –
•Veins –
•Nerves –
•Ganglion –
•Ligaments –
CONTENTS OF THE INFRATEMPORAL FOSSA
•Muscles – medial and lateral pterygoids and the lower part of temporalis
•Arteries – maxillary artery and its branches
•Veins – pterygoid plexus, maxillary veins
•Nerves – mandibular nerve and its branches plus the chorda tympani branch
•Ganglion – otic ganglion
•Ligaments – sphenomandibular lig
PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA
•A small —— space below the apex of the —— and lateral to the infratemporal fossa
• lies between the ——— plate an d the back of ———
•The ——— canal opens on one end to it while the other opens into the anterior wall of the foramen——
PTERYGOPALATINE FOSSA
•A small pyramidal space below the apex of the orbit and lateral to the infratemporal fossa
• lies between the lateral pterygoid plate an d the back of maxilla
•The pterygoid canal opens on one end to it while the other opens into the anterior wall of the foramen lacerum
Boundaries of pterygopalatine fossa
BOUNDARIES
•Anterior - ———
•Posterior – ———
•Medial – ———
•Above – ———
•Below – ———
BOUNDARIES
•Anterior - posterior surface of maxillary bone
•Posterior – pterygoid process of sphenoid
•Medial – perpendicular plate of palatine
•Above – greater wing of sphenoid
•Below – pyramidal process of palatine bone
