Anatomy Of The Scalp Flashcards
What is the extent of the scalp
● Extend from Superciliary arches anterior, to external occipital protuberance and superior nauchal lines posterior.
Layers of the scalp include
Layers of SCALP
● Skin
● Connective Tissue (Deep)
● Apo neurosis
● Connective Tissue (Loose)
● Periosteum
Origin, insertion, nerve supply and function of the occipitofrontalis muscle
● Occipitofrontalis ◆ Origin
• Occipital Process
– Superior Nauchal Line
• Frontal Process
– Superciliary Arches
◆ Insertion
• Both are Inserted in Epicranial Eponeurosis
◆ Nerve Supply • Facial Nerve,posterior auricular and frontalis
◆ Function
• Move Scalp
• Raise Eyebrows
Innervations of SCALP
● SCALP is inerveted in two portions.
Innervations of SCALP
● SCALP is inerveted in two portions.
◆ Part of Scalp Anterior to Ear & Vertex of
Skull.
◆ Part of Scalp Posterior to Ear & Vertex of Skull
Innervations of Part of SCALP anterior to Ear & Vertex of Skull
Innervations of Part of SCALP anterior to Ear & Vertex of Skull
● Innervated by Branches of Trigeminal Nerve of Cranial Nerves.
● Branches
◆ Supratrochlear Nerve
◆ Supraorbital Nerve
◆ Zygomaticotemporal Nerve
◆ Auricotemporal Nerve
◆ Motor nerve: temporal branch of facial nerve
Innervation of Part of Skull Posterior to Ear & Vertex of Skull
Innervation of Part of Skull Posterior to Ear & Vertex of Skull
● Innervated by Branches from C2 & C3 of Cervical Nerves.
● Branches
◆ Great Aurical Nerve
◆ Lesser Occipital Nerve
◆ Greater Occipital Nerve
◆ 3rd Occipital Nerve
◆motor nerve: posterior auricle branch of facial nerve
Arteries of SCALP
● Supplied by Branches of ——— & ——— Artery (Branch of ——— artery)
Arteries of SCALP
● Supplied by Branches of External Carotid & Ophthalmic Artery (Branch of Internal Carotid Artery)
SCALP Blood Supply via Branches External Carotid Artery
● Branches: include
● These Branches Supply —— & —— Part of SCALP
SCALP Blood Supply via Branches External Carotid Artery
● Branches
◆ Superficial Temporal
◆ Posterior Auricle
◆ Occipital Artery
● These Branches Supply Posterior & Lateral Part of SCALP
SCALP Blood Supply via Branches of Ophthalmic Artery
● Branches include:
● These Branches supply —— and —— part of SCALP
SCALP Blood Supply via Branches of Ophthalmic Artery
● Branches
◆ Supratrochlear ◆ Supraorbital
● These Branches supply Anterior and Superior part of SCALP
Veins of SCALP and the veins they later form
● Same route as the —— of SCALP.
artery
Veins of SCALP
● Same route as Arteries of SCALP.
● Supratrochlear & Supraorbital join
and forms Facial Vein
● Superficial Temporal forms
Retromandibular vein
● Posterior Auricle form External Juglar Vein
● Occipital form Internal Juglar Vein
Lymph Drainage of SCALP
● It also follows same pattern of the —— of SCALP.
● Lymph Nodes for Drainage of SCALP
Lymph Drainage of SCALP
● It also follows same pattern of Arteries of SCALP.
● Lymph Nodes for Drainage of SCALP
◆ Occipital Node
◆ Cervical Node
◆ Mastoid Node
◆ Parotid Node
◆ Pre-auricle Node
◆ Sub-Mandibular Node
PP SCOM
SCALP Lymph Nodes with Area of Drainage
SCALP Lymph Nodes with Area of Drainage
● Occipital & Cervical Node
◆ Both Drain form Occipital Region of SCALP
● Mastoid Node
◆ Drains from Posterior to Vertex of Skull
● Parotid & Pre-Auricle Node
◆ Drain form Anterior to Vertex of Skull
● Sub-Mandibular Node ◆ Drain from Fore Head.
———— veins, these are valveless veins which connect the extracranial veins of the scalp to the intracranial dural venous sinuses. These veins are a potential pathway for the spread of infection from the scalp to the intracranial space.
Emissary veins
Loose areolar connective tissues occupies ———— space
Subaponeurotic space
———— space is regarded as the danger area of the scalp
Sub aponeurotic space