Temporal & Infratemporal Region

Question 1

temporal region of the head includes

Answer 1

lateral area of the scalp, deeper soft tissues overlying temporal fossa of cranium superior to zygomatic arch

Question 2

temporal fossa occupied by

Answer 2

upper portion of temporalis muscle

Question 3

superior and posterior borders of temporal fossa

Answer 3

superior and inferior temporal lines

Question 4

anterior border of temporal fossa

Answer 4

frontal process of zygomatic bone and zygomatic process of frontal bone

Question 5

inferior border of temporal fossa

Answer 5

infratemporal crest deep to zygomatic arch

Question 6

floor of temporal fossa

Answer 6

frontal, parietal, temporal and greater wing of sphenoid bones. includes pterion.

Question 7

roof of temporal fossa formed by

Answer 7

temporal fascia

Question 8

attachments of temporal fascia

Answer 8

superiorly - superior temporal line
inferiorly - into 2 layers which attach to the lateral and medial surfaces of the zygomatic arch

Question 9

function of temporal fascia

Answer 9

provides resistance to the masseter

Question 10

temporal and masseter muscles are innervated by

Answer 10

CN V anterior trunk

Question 11

infratemporal fossa

Answer 11

contains various muscles and neurovascular structures that communicate with the temporal fossa

Question 12

lateral boundary of ITF

Answer 12

ramus of mandible

Question 13

medial boundary of ITF

Answer 13

lateral pterygoid plate of sphenoid bone

Question 14

anterior border of ITF

Answer 14

posterior aspect of mandible

Question 15

posterior boundary of ITF

Answer 15

tympanic plate, mastoid and styloid processes

Question 16

superior boundary of ITF

Answer 16

infratemporal crest of sphenoid bone

Question 17

inferior border of ITF

Answer 17

angle of mandible

Question 18

muscle content of ITF

Answer 18

inferior part of infratemporal muscle
lateral pterygoid
medial pterygoid

Question 19

blood vessel content of ITF

Answer 19

maxillary artery
pterygoid venous plexus

Question 20

nerve content of ITF

Answer 20

mandibular, inferior alveolar, lingual, buccal, chorda tympani, otic ganglion

Question 21

what is found in the pterygopalatine fossa (4)

Answer 21

pterygopalatine ganglion
maxillary nerve
sphenopalatine artery
infra orbital nerve and artery

Question 22

chorda tympani

Answer 22

branch of CN VII carrying taste fibres from anterior 2/3s of tongue and secretomotor fibres for submandibular and sublingual glands. it joins the lingual nerve in the ITF

Question 23

2 terminal branches of ECA

Answer 23

1. maxillary artery
2. superficial temporal artery

Question 24

3 parts of the maxillary artery

Answer 24

1. mandibular
2. pterygoid
3. pterygopalatine

Question 25

mandibular part of maxillary artery

Answer 25

runs anteriorly deep to the neck of the mandible and then passes deeply between lateral and medial pterygoids

Question 26

pterygoid part of maxillary artery

Answer 26

adjacent (superficial or deep) to lateral pterygoid and ascends obliquely anterosuperiorly medial to temporalis

Question 27

pterygopalatine part of maxillary artery

Answer 27

runs distally anteromedially to the lateral pterygoid passing between its heads and through the pterygomaxillary fissure to the pterygopalatine fossa

Question 28

6 main branches of maxillary artery

Answer 28

1. middle meningeal
2. inferior alveolar
3. anterior and posterior deep temporal
4. masseteric
5. buccal
6. superior alveolar

Question 29

middle meningeal arteries

Answer 29

supply dura mater
pass through foramen spinosum to enter middle cranial fossa
arise medial to neck of mandible
courses superiorly deep to lateral pterygoid

Question 30

inferior alveolar artery

Answer 30

enters mandibular foramen
with inferior alveolar nerve
supplies teeth of lower jaw

Question 31

anterior and posterior deep temporal arteries

Answer 31

pass superiorly and laterally across roof of ITF
enter deep surface of temporalis

Question 32

masseteric artery

Answer 32

passes through mandibular notch
to enter deep surface of masseter

Question 33

buccal artery

Answer 33

passes anteriorly on to buccinator
supplies cheek
including buccinator and buccal oral mucosa

Question 34

superior alveolar arteries

Answer 34

supply maxillary teeth
and adjacent mucosa and gingivae

Question 35

where is the pterygoid venous plexus found

Answer 35

in ITF between temporalis and pterygoid muscles

Question 36

what is the pterygoid venous plexus

Answer 36

the venous equivalent of the maxillary artery i.e. veins that accompany the branches of the maxillary artery drain into this plexus

Question 37

what does the pterygoid plexus anastomose with

Answer 37

anastomoses anteriorly with the facial vein via deep facial vein and superiorly with the cavernous sinus via emissary veins

Question 38

CN V3 arises from

Answer 38

trigeminal ganglion in middle cranial fossa

Question 39

how does CN V3 enter ITF

Answer 39

via the foramen ovale

Question 40

describe where the otic ganglion is found

Answer 40

inferior to foramen ovale
on medial side of mandibular nerve
posterior to medial pterygoid

Question 41

4 branches of CN V3

Answer 41

1. buccal
2. lingual
3. inferior alveolar
4. auriculotemporal

Question 42

relationship between parotid gland and otic ganglion

Answer 42

parotid receives secretomotor parasympathetic fibres through auriculotemporal nerve and these are the postsynpatic fibres that come from the otic ganglion

Question 43

inferior alveolar nerve enters where

Answer 43

mandibular foramen and passes through the mandibular canal

Question 44

inferior alveolar nerve forms and supplies what

Answer 44

forms the inferior dental plexus which sends branches to all mandibular teeth on its side

Question 45

mental nerve supplies

Answer 45

skin and mucous membranes of the lower lip, skin of chin, vestibular gingiva of mandibular incisor teeth