Superficial Face and Muscles of Facial Expression Flashcards
sensory innervation of the face supplied by
CN V - front of face
C2 / C3 cervical nerves - scalp and skin of posterior head
sensory innervation from CN V1
supraorbital
supratrochlear
infratrochlear
external nasal
lacrimal
sensory innervation from CN V2
zygomaticotemporal
zygomaticofacial
infraorbital
sensory innervation from CN V3
auriculotemporal
buccal
mental
sensory innervation from C2
greater occipital
sensory innervation from C3
third occipital
sensory innervation from C2 and C3
great auricular
lesser occipital
motor innervation of face
CN VII via muscles of facial expression
5 muscles of facial expression
- buccinator
- orbicularis oris
- orbicularis oculi
- occipitofrontalis
- platysma
where does CN VII enter the skull
internal acoustic meatus
where does CN VII exit the skull
stylomastoid foramen
2 branches given off from CN VII when it exits skull
- posterior auricular
- digastric - to posterior belly of digastric and stylohyoid
facial nerve forms a large plexus where
in the parotid gland
5 branches of parotid plexus
- temporal
- zygomatic
- buccal
- marginal mandibular
- cervical
temporal branch goes to
frontal belly of occipitofrontalis and orbicularis oculi
zygomatic branch goes to
runs along zygomatic arch and bone to orbicularis oculi and upper lip muscles
buccal branch goes to
buccinator and orbicularis oris
marginal mandibular branch goes to
orbicularis oris as well as lower lip and chin
cervical branch goes to
platysma
epicranius
contrains frontal and occipital bellies of occipitofrontalis as well as their shared tendon; epicranial aponeurosis which forms 3rd layer of the scalp
frontal belly of occipitofrontalis origin and insertion
origin - epicranial aponeurosis
insertion - subcutaneous tissues of eyebrows and forehead
occipital belly of occipitofrontalis origin and insertion
origin - lateral 2/3 of superior nuchal line
insertion - epicranial aponeurosis
orbicularis oculi is formed of 2 parts
- palpebral part
- orbital part
action of orbicularis oculi
involuntary (blinking) - palpebral part
voluntary (tightly) - orbital part
origin and insertion of buccinator
origin - posterior part of alveolar process of maxilla / mandible & pterygomandibular raphe
insertion - fibres merge with orbicularis oris
buccal fat pad
lies superficially to the buccinator and is pierced by the parotid duct
parotid duct is superficial to what muscle
the masseter
where does parotid duct enter the oral cavity
near the upper 2nd molar
origin and insertion of platysma
origin - subcutaneous tissue of infra and supraclavicular regions
insertion - base of mandible
majority of blood supply to the face is from
ECA and some from ICA
ECA branches that supply face
facial
buccal / mental / infraorbital - branches of maxillary
transverse facial - branch of superficial temporal
ICA branches that supply face
branch of ophthalmic - zygomaticofacial / zygomaticotemporal / supraorbital / supratrochlear
what is the connection between arteries and veins in the face
arteries of the face often run alongside veins of the same name (and sometimes nerves)
veins of the face drain to
IJV directly or indirectly
at medial angle of eye, the facial vein communicates with
superior ophthalmic vein which drains into cavernous sinus
retromandibular vein formed by joining of
superficial temporal vein & maxillary vein
where does retromandibular vein run
runs within the parotid gland, superficial to ECA and deep to facial nerve then posterior to the mandible after exiting the parotid gland
2 branches of retromandibular vein
- anterior branch - unites with facial vein
- posterior branch - unites with posterior auricular to drain to EJV
EJV drains to
subclavian vein
