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BDS3 Head & Neck Anatomy > Cranial Nerves & Foramina > Flashcards

Cranial Nerves & Foramina Flashcards

1
Q

CN I Olfactory neuron type

A

special visceral afferent (sensory)

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2
Q

CN I olfactory central connection

A

olfactory bulb in anterior cranial fossa

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3
Q

CN I olfactory exit from skull

A

olfactory foramina in cribriform plate

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4
Q

CN I olfactory function

A

sense of smell, from receptor cells in nasal mucosa

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5
Q

CN II optic nerve neuron type

A

special somatic afferent (sensory)

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6
Q

CN II optic central connection

A

thalamus

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7
Q

CN II optic exit from skull

A

optic canal

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8
Q

CN II optic function

A

vision from the retina of the eye to the brain

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9
Q

CN III oculomotor neuron type (2)

A
  1. general somatic efferent (motor)
  2. general visceral efferent (parasympathetic motor)
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10
Q

CN III oculomotor central connection

A

midbrain

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11
Q

CN III oculomotor exit from skull

A

superior orbital fissure where it divides into superior and inferior branches

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12
Q

CN III oculomotor function (2)

A
  1. innervates levator palpebrae superioris & inferior oblique (somatic motor)
  2. innervates sphincter pupillae & ciliary muscles for pupil constriction & accommodation (visceral parasympathetic motor)
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13
Q

CN IV trochlear neuron type

A

general somatic efferent (motor)

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14
Q

CN IV trochlear central connection

A

midbrain

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15
Q

CN IV trochlear exit from skull

A

superior orbital fissure

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16
Q

CN IV trochlear function

A

innervates superior oblique muscle

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17
Q

CN V1 and V2 neuron type

A

general somatic afferent (sensory)

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18
Q

CN V3 neuron type

A

branchial motor

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19
Q

CN V trigeminal central connection

A

pons

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20
Q

CN V1 exit from skull

A

superior orbital fissure

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21
Q

CN V2 exit from skull

A

foramen rotundum

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22
Q

CN V3 exit from skull

A

foramen ovale

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23
Q

CN V1 and V2 function

A

sensory innervation to dura of anterior and middle cranial fossa, skin of face, teeth, gingiva, mucous membranes of nasal cavity, paranasal sinuses and mouth

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24
Q

CN V3 function

A

innervates muscles of mastication, anterior belly of digastric, tensor tympani and tensor veli palatini muscles

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25
Q

CN VI abducens neuron type

A

general somatic efferent (motor)

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26
Q

CN VI abducens central connection

A

pontomedullary junction

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27
Q

CN VI abducens exit from skull

A

superior orbital fissure

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28
Q

CN VI abducens function

A

innervates lateral rectus which abducts eye

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29
Q

CN VII facial neuron type (3)

A
  1. special visceral afferent (sensory)
  2. general visceral efferent (parasympathetic motor)
  3. special visceral efferent (branchial motor)
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30
Q

CN VII facial central connection

A

pontomedullary junction

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31
Q

CN VII facial exit from skull

A

internal acoustic meatus > facial canal > stylomastoid foramen

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32
Q

CN VII facial sensory function

A

sensation from auricle and external acoustic meatus, taste from anterior 2/3 of tongue

33
Q

CN VII facial parasympathetic motor function

A

secretomotor for submandibular / sublingual glands, innervates lacrimal gland and nasal/oral cavity mucosal lining

34
Q

CN VII facial branchial motor effect

A

innervates muscles of facial expression, posterior belly of digastric, stylohyoid and stapedius

35
Q

CN VIII vestibulocochlear neuron type

A

special somatic afferent (sensory)

36
Q

CN VIII vestibulocochlear central connection

A

pontomedullary junction

37
Q

CN VIII vestibulocochlear exit from skull

A

internal acoustic meatus

38
Q

CN VIII vestibulocochlear function

A

vestibular branch - sensation of equilibrium and balance
cochlear branch - sensation of hearing

39
Q

CNIX glossopharyngeal neuron type (5)

A
  1. general somatic afferent (sensory)
  2. special visceral afferent (sensory)
  3. general visceral afferent (sensory)
  4. general visceral efferent (parasympathetic motor)
  5. special visceral efferent (branchial motor)
40
Q

CN IX glossopharyngeal central connection

A

medulla oblongata

41
Q

CN IX glossopharyngeal exit from skull

A

jugular foramen

42
Q

CN IX somatic afferent sensory function

A

sensory input to posterior 1/3 of tongue, palatine tonsils, oropharynx

43
Q

CN IX special visceral afferent

A

taste from posterior 1/3 of tongue

44
Q

CN IX general visceral afferent function

A

sensory information from carotid body

45
Q

CN IX general visceral efferent function

A

secretomotor for parotid gland

46
Q

CN IX special visceral efferent

A

innervates stylopharyngeus, superior pharyngeal constrictor, assists in phonation and swallowing

47
Q

CN X vagus neuron type (5)

A
  1. general somatic afferent (sensory)
  2. special visceral afferent (sensory)
  3. general visceral afferent (sensory)
  4. general visceral efferent (parasympathetic motor)
  5. special visceral efferent (branchial motor)
48
Q

CN X central connection

A

medulla oblongata

49
Q

CN X exit from skull

A

jugular foramen

50
Q

CN X general somatic afferent function

A

sensory information from larynx, auricle, external acoustic meatus, dura mater of posterior cranial fossa

51
Q

CN X special visceral afferent function

A

taste from palate and epiglottis

52
Q

CN X general visceral afferent function

A

information from aortic body, oesophagus, lungs, bronchi, heart, intestines

53
Q

CN X general visceral efferent function

A

innervates smooth muscle and glands

54
Q

CN X special visceral efferent function

A

innervates external laryngeal and pharyngeal muscles, responsible for gag relfex

55
Q

CN XI accessory neuron type

A

general somatic efferent (motor)

56
Q

CN XI accessory central connection

A

medulla oblongata

57
Q

CN XI accessory exit from skull

A

jugular foramen

58
Q

CN XI accessory function

A

innervates SCM, trapezius and muscles of soft palate

59
Q

CN XII hypoglossal neuron type

A

general somatic efferent (motor)

60
Q

CN XII hypoglossal central connection

A

medulla oblongata

61
Q

CN XII hypoglossal exit from skull

A

hypoglossal canal

62
Q

CN XII hypoglossal function

A

innervates all extrinsic and intrinsic muscles of the tongue except for palatoglossal muscle which is innervated by the vagus nerve

63
Q

structures passing through supra orbital foramen

A

supraorbital nerve and vessels

64
Q

structures passing through infra orbital foramen

A

infraorbital nerve and vessels

65
Q

structures passing through mental foramen

A

mental nerve and vessels

66
Q

structures passing through zygomaticofacial foramen

A

zygomaticofacial nerve

67
Q

structures passing through foramina of cribriform plate

A

olfactory nerves CN I

68
Q

structures passing through optic canal

A

optic nerve CN II
ophthalmic artery

69
Q

structures passing through superior orbital fissure

A

oculomotor CN III
trochlear CN III
ophthalmic division CN V
abducens CN VI
superior ophthalmic vein

70
Q

structures passing through internal acoustic meatus

A

facial nerve CN VII
vestibulocochlear CN VIII

71
Q

structures passing through hypoglossal canal

A

hypoglossal CN XII

72
Q

structures passing through foramen

A

maxillary division CN V

73
Q

structures passing through foramen ovale

A

mandibular division CN V

74
Q

structures passing through carotid canal

A

internal carotid artery

75
Q

structures passing through foramen spinosum

A

middle meningeal artery

76
Q

structures passing through jugular foramen

A

internal jugular vein
glossopharyngeal CN IX
vagus CN X
accessory CN XI

77
Q

structures passing through foramen magnum

A

spinal cord
vertebral arteries
roots of spinal accessory

78
Q

structures passing through stylomastoid foramen

A

facial CN VII

BDS3 Head & Neck Anatomy (25 decks)

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