Telencephalon Flashcards
Left Hemisphere Function
It favors the processing of discreet sequential rapidly changing information. Dominant for speech and language for most people.
Right Hemisphere Function
Favors more spatial and holistic information. Emotion, facial recognition, speech intonation, melody, perception, and form
Telencephalon
Largest part of the brain. Consists of two highly convoluted hemispheres. They are mirror images of each other.
Corpus Callosum
It’s a tract that connects the two hemispheres and it allows them to communicate with each other. It is located deep to the longitudinal fissure.
Cortex
The outer covering of the cerebral hemisphere. It’s mainly comprised of grey matter that overlies an inner core of white matter.
Longitudinal Fissure
Separates the cerebral hemispheres.
Gray Matter
Mostly composed of cell bodies.
White Matter
Composed of myelinated processes, like Axons.
Gyri
The hills on the cortex.
Sulci
The grooves on the cortex.
Fissures
Extra deep sulci
Frontal Lobe Function
Responsible for the planning and initiation of movements and behaviors.
Precentral Gyrus
AKA motor strip. Brodmann’s area 4. Responsible for activating and controlling the muscles on the opposite side of the body
Premotor Cortex
Brodmann’s area 6. Responsible for complex skilled movements, like hand-eye coordination, finger movement, speech something??
Prefrontal Cortex
Brodmann’s area 10-12. Considered the anatomical area of intelligence. Reasoning, abstract thinking, self monitoring, planning, decision making, pragmatics
Broca’s Area
Speech Motor area. Brodmann’s area 44. Controls jaw, lip, tongue, and vocal fold movement. More specifically, responsible for planning and coordinating movement.
Postcentral Gyrus
Brodmann’s area 1-3. Primary sensory complex. Plays a significant role in receiving and interpreting sensory information from the opposite side of the body. Responsible for pain, temperature, pressure, and touch.
Angular Gyrus
Brodmann’s area 39. Responsible for comprehension of written material
Parieto-occipital line
line where the occipital lobe starts
Temporal Lobe
Auditory reception and receptive language processing
Heschel’s Gyrus
Brodmann’s area 41. Auditory reception and processing
Wernicke’s Area
Brodmann’s area 22. Responsible for the comprehension of verbal language, the analysis and elaboration of speech sounds, and verbal memory
Occipital Lobe
Responsible for recognition, reception, and interpretation of visual stimuli
Insula
Deep to the lateral sulcus. Responsible for visceral functions, like reflexes, feeding, defensive behaviors, mating, aggression, anxiety, and fear
Connection Fibers/Tracts
The primary subcortical structures. Allows the areas of the brain to communicate
Projection Fibers/Tracts
Convey impulses to and from the cerebral cortex and more remote regions of the Central Nervous System
Corona Radiata
Diffuse pattern of origin from almost all areas of the brain. The pattern of emergence
Association Fibers/Tracts
Interconnects different regions in the same hemisphere
Short Association Fibers/Tracts
Connect contiguous gyri
Long Association Fibers/Tracts
Connect more distant areas within the same hemisphere
Uncinate Fasciculus
Connects frontal lobe to temporal lobe
Arcuate Fasciculus
Connects speech production in the frontal lobe to the speech understanding area of the temporal lobe
Cingulum
Connects the frontal and parietal lobes to the temporal lobe
Commissural Tracts
Connect an area of one cerebral hemisphere to the corresponding area in the other cerebral hemisphere
Most Prominent Commissural Tract
Corpus Callosum
