Skull

Question 1

Calvarium Functions

Answer 1

1. House and protect the brain, as well as its associated inputs and outputs.
2. Provides a point of muscle attachment, particularly for muscles we associate for articulation and mastication.

Question 2

2 Ways Skull Protects Brain

Answer 2

1. Composed of three layered bone. The spongy diplo layer gives the skull strength while being light and enhances resiliency of the skull. When skull fractures, it splinters, so it acts like a barrier of pincushion.
2. The skull is round, so it deflects blows so the brain doesn’t get the full force.

Question 3

Diploe

Answer 3

The spongy layer of the skull.

Question 4

Frontal Bone

Answer 4

Single bone that makes up the anterior part of the cranium, forms the forehead and contributes lots of bones that make up the eye socket.

Question 5

Parietal Bone

Answer 5

2 of them. Make up curved upper and lateral walls of the calvarium, the contribute to the skull cap.

Question 6

Occipital Bone

Answer 6

Single bone, makes up the posterior basalar of the skull (the underside). Biggest landmark is foramen magnum.

Question 7

Foramen Magnum

Answer 7

Biggest landmark of occipital lobe. Where we see pyramidal decussation.

Question 8

Occipital Condyles

Answer 8

Knuckle like projections. Fit into superior facets of the atlas.

Question 9

Squamous Part/Portion

Answer 9

Upper portion of temporal bone. Very thing layer of bone. Notable for being point at which zygomatic process arrises.

Question 10

Zygomatic Process

Answer 10

Projects anteriorly of temporal bone to join with posterior projecting temporal process of zygomatic bone to form zygomatic arch. Landmark is mandibular Fassa/ zygomatic arch.

Question 11

Mandibular Fassa/ Zygomatic Arch

Answer 11

The mandibular condyle is going to fit into to it to provide joint for jaw, the temporomandibular joint

Question 12

Tympanic Part

Answer 12

Makes up curved anterior, inferior, and posterior walls of the external auditory canal and external auditory meatus.

Question 13

Styloid Part

Answer 13

Projection of bone that comes off the underside of the temporal bone. Serves as a point of muscle attachment. Attributes to stylohyloid muscle. Muscle of laryngeal function

Question 14

Petromastoid Portion/ Part

Answer 14

Has two divisions…
1. Petrous portion- projects inward. Structures of hearing are located here. Strongest bone in body.
2. Mastoid portion- mastoid process. Posterior to external auditory meatus. Serves as point of muscle attachment.

Question 15

Sphenoid

Answer 15

Large, complex bone. Temporal area. Butterfly shaped bone, makes up bulk portion of floor of calvarium. Has two sets of wings.

Question 16

Greater wings of Sphenoid

Answer 16

External skull

Question 17

Lesser wings of sphenoid

Answer 17

Internal

Question 18

Sphenoid corpus

Answer 18

Where the wings project off of. The body. Contains sphenoid sinus.Communicates directly with nasal cavity.

Question 19

Pterygoid Plates

Answer 19

2 pairs. Lateral are the big wide ones. Medial are the middle thin ones. End in small hook called hamulus.

Question 20

Hamulus

Answer 20

Point of muscle attachment and plays a role in elevation of soft palate. Allows muscles to be more powerful.

Question 21

Ethmoid Bone

Answer 21

Contributes to floor of calvarium, nasal septum, and orbits of eyes. Composed of two parts: Crista Galli and cribiform plates.

Question 22

Crista Galli

Answer 22

Makes up superior aspects of nasal septum. On each side is cribiform plates.

Question 23

Cribiform Plates

Answer 23

Perforated by holes and roots of olfactory nerve to pervade sense of smell.

Question 24

Lacrimal Bone

Answer 24

the bones that make up the eye socket

Question 25

Sella Turcica

Answer 25

The depression in the sphenoid bone and it’s where the pituitary gland is located