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Biochem > TCA Cycle > Flashcards

TCA Cycle Flashcards

1
Q

Cellular location where pyruvate is generated

A

Cytosol

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2
Q

How is pyruvate transported across the inner mitochondrial membrane?

A

In symport with H+ via Pyruvate Translocase

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3
Q

5 Requirements of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

A

Thiamine pyrophosphate (TPP)
Lipoic acid
CoASH
FAD+
NAD+

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4
Q

Regulation of pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

A

Allosteric inhibition: NADH and Acetyl CoA
Phosphorylation: inactivated by PDH kinase

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5
Q

PDH kinase is activated by (3)

A

NADH, Acetyl CoA, ATP

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6
Q

PDH kinase is inactivated by (2)

A

ADP, pyruvate

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7
Q

PDH phosphatase is activated by

A

Ca2+

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8
Q

Cellular location of the TCA cycle

A

Mitochondrial matrix

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9
Q

TCA cycle completely oxidizes Acetyl CoA to

A

CO2

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10
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes:
Acetyl CoA + Oxaloacetate –> Citrate + CoA

A

Citrate synthase

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11
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes:
Pyruvate + NAD+ –> Acetyl CoA + NADH

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex

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12
Q

Regulation of citrate synthase

A

Negative feedback inhibition; citrate inhibits

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13
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes:
Citrate –> Isocitrate

A

Aconitase

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14
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes:
Isocitrate + NAD+ –> Alpha-ketoglutarate + NADH + CO2

A

Isocitrate dehydrogenase

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15
Q

Allosteric inhibition of isocitrate dehydrogenase (2)

A

NADH, ATP

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16
Q

Allosteric activation of isocitrate dehydrogenase

A

ADP

17
Q

Activation of isocitrate dehydrogenase

A

Ca2+

18
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes:
Alpha-ketoglutarate + NAD+ –> succinyl CoA + NADH + CO2

A

Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

19
Q

Requirements of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

A

TPP, FAD+, NAD+, CoASH, Lipoic acid

20
Q

TCA enzymes requiring thiamine and lipoic acid

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
Alpha-ketoglutarate complex

21
Q

Inhibition of alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

A

NADH, Succinyl CoA

22
Q

Activation alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

A

Ca2+

23
Q

Reactions of TCA cycle that produce NADH (4)

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
Isocitrate dehydrogenase
Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
Malate dehydrogenase

24
Q

Reaction of TCA cycle that produces GTP

A

Succinyl CoA synthetase/thiokinase

25
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes:
Succinyl CoA + GDP –> Succinate + GTP

A

Succinyl CoA synthetase/thiokinase

26
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes:
Succinate + Q –> Fumarate + QH2

A

Succinate dehydrogenase

27
Q

Location of succinate dehydrogenase

A

Bound to mitochondrial membrane

28
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes:
Fumarate –> L-malate

A

Fumarase

29
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes:
L-malate + NAD+ –> Oxaloacetate + NADH

A

Malate dehydrogenase

30
Q

Glutamate can be formed from this substrate of the TCA cycle

A

Alpha-ketoglutarate

31
Q

Enzyme that catalyzes:
Pyruvate + ATP –> Oxaloacetate + ADP

A

Pyruvate carboxylase

32
Q

Regulation of pyruvate carboxylase

A

Allosteric activation by acetyl CoA

33
Q

Requirements of pyruvate carboxylase

A

CO2 and Biotin

34
Q

Valine, isoleucine, or odd-chain fatty acids can produce this TCA cycle substrate

A

Succinyl CoA

35
Q

Wernicke-Korsakoff syndrome affects this enzyme

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase due to thiamine deficiency

36
Q

Wet beriberi involves a deficiency in this

A

Thiamine

37
Q

Severe neurological disorder caused by mutations in one of 30+ genes involved in the process of energy production in mitochondria

A

Leigh Syndrome

38
Q

Arsenite inhibits enzymes that use this

A

Lipoid acid

39
Q

Arsenite inhibits these enzymes

A

Pyruvate dehydrogenase complex
Alpha-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex

Biochem (21 decks)

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