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Biochem > Membrane transport > Flashcards

Membrane transport Flashcards

1
Q

Types of molecules and membranes are impermeable to

A

Organic molecules and polar molecules

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2
Q

Is simple passive diffusion through lipid bilayer:
Saturable, Inhibitable, Specific?

A

Not saturable
Not inhibitable
Not specific

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3
Q

Is facilitated diffusion through carriers:
Saturable, Inhibitable?

A

Saturable and inhibitable

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4
Q

Is facilitated diffusion through channels:
Saturable, Inhibitable?

A

Not saturable, but yes inhibitable

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5
Q

ABC-class pump responsible for detoxification and drug resistance

A

Multidrug resistant (MDR) transporter

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6
Q

Multidrug resistant (MDR) transporter is what type of pump?

A

Primary active transport: ABC-class pump

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7
Q

Na+ K+ ATPase is an example of what type of pump?

A

Primary active transport

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8
Q

Classes of ATP-powered pumps (primary active transporters)

A

P, V, F-class, ABC superfamily

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9
Q

Class of ATP-powered pump found in plasma membranes and sarcoplasmic reticulum membrane in muscle cells

A

P-class

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10
Q

Class of ATP-powered pump found in vacuolar membranes, lysosomes, kidney tubules

A

V-class

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11
Q

Class of ATP-powered pump found in the inner mitochondrial membrane

A

F-class

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12
Q

Class of ATP-powered pump found in bacterial and mammalian plasma membranes

A

ABC superfamily

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13
Q

Ouabain and cardiac glycosides inhibit what?

A

Na+ K+ ATPase

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14
Q

Cardiac glycosides that inhibit Na+ K+ ATPase pump

A

Ouabain, Digoxin, Digitoxin

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15
Q

Na+ Glucose cotransporter is an example of what type of transport?

A

Secondary active transport

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16
Q

Transmembrane movement where a single type of molecule moves across the membrane

A

Uniport

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17
Q

Transmembrane movement where two types of molecules move across in the same direction

A

Symport

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18
Q

Transmembrane movement where two types of molecules move across in opposite directions

A

Antiport

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19
Q

Transmembrane movement that alters transmembrane charge

A

Electrogenic

20
Q

Transmembrane movement that results in no net change in transmembrane charge

A

Electroneutral

21
Q

Fick’s law of diffusion states that these factors are directly related to the diffusion of a molecule across a tissue:

A

Surface area, diffusion constant, difference in partial pressures

22
Q

Fick’s law of diffusion states that this factor is inversely related to the diffusion of a molecule across a tissue:

A

Tissue thickness

23
Q

Molecules that diffuse directly through a lipid bilayer

A

Hydrophobic (non-polar) molecules

24
Q

Solution where the osmolality is greater than that of the cell

A

Hypertonic

25
Q

Solution where the osmolality is is less than that of the cell

A

Hypotonic

26
Q

Solution where the osmolality is the same as inside the cell

A

Isotonic

27
Q

CFTR is what type of channel?

A

Chloride channel in the ABC superfamily

28
Q

CFTR channel is regulated through:

A

phosphorylation

29
Q

Type of transport of the CFTR channel

A

Active and passive
(Requires ATP; moves Cl- ions down concentration gradient)

30
Q

Deficient CFTR protein has this affect on chloride secretion:

A

Decreased Cl- secretion

31
Q

Deficient CFTR has this affect on water absorption:

A

Increased due to high intracellular [Cl-]

32
Q

Cholera toxin binds to this

A

Ganglioside Gm1 in the cell membrane

33
Q

Cholera toxin binding affects this channel

A

Phosphorylates CFTR

34
Q

Effect of cholera on Cl- and H2O movement

A

Cl- and H2O flow out cell (= dehydration)

35
Q

Epithelial glucose transport is what type of transport?

A

Secondary active transport

36
Q

The primary transport mechanism of amino acids into cells is what type of transport?

A

Secondary active transport
(Mostly Na+ dependent)

37
Q

Condition caused by deficient transport system for large neutral amino acids like tryptophan

A

Hartnup disease

38
Q

Hartnup disease can lead to deficiency of:

A

Niacin

39
Q

Hartnup disease is caused by:

A

Deficient transport system for large neutral amino acids like Trp

40
Q

Cystinuria involves defective transport of these molecules:

A

Cystine, ornithine, arginine, lysine

41
Q

Cystinuria is caused by mutations in this gene

A

Genes encoding proximal tubule dibasic amino acid transport

42
Q

Mutations in genes encoding proximal tubule dibasic amino acid transporter causes this

A

Cystinuria

43
Q

Endocytosis of large macromolecules and solid particles

A

Phagocytosis

44
Q

Endocytosis of the ECF

A

Pinocytosis

45
Q

Molecule that binds extra iron when there is a surplus

A

Ferritin

46
Q

Molecule that moves iron into the cell when levels are low

A

Transferrin

47
Q

Molecule that binds the one mRNA for ferritin and transferrin in low iron states

A

Aconitase

Biochem (21 decks)

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