TBI Part 1

Question 1

what is TBI

Answer 1

alteration in brain function and pathology d/t external forces

blow or penetrating force

Question 2

compare traumatic and non-traumatic injuries

Answer 2

trauma - external force

non - stroke, tumors; internal

Question 3

compare TBI to head injuries

Answer 3

head injury - blow or laceration to head and may occur s brain injury

Question 4

compare open and closed TBI

Answer 4

open - skull breaks = disruption of brain tissue and dura

closed - intact skull but injury to brain

Question 5

compare mild, mod and severe TBI

Answer 5

mild - 80%; head contusions

mod - 10%

severe - 10%

Question 6

exp how manganese is neurotoxic

Answer 6

assoc c parkinson’s

Question 7

exp how zinc is neurotoxic

Answer 7

can lead to MS

Question 8

exp how copper is neurotoxic

Answer 8

leads to wilson’s

Question 9

exp how calcium is can cause neuro deficits

Answer 9

calcium deficiency = neuro or psychologic sx

Question 10

exp how gaucher’s or niemann-pick is can cause neuro deficits

Answer 10

both are genetic disorders related to inadequate lipid metabolism

= fatty cells deposit in organs = progressive loss of function of nerves and brain

Question 11

exp how anoxia is can cause neuro deficits

Answer 11

lack of O2 to brain

cardiac arrest
CVD
CO poisoning

Question 12

areas of the brain prone to anoxia

Answer 12

hippocampus and BG

Question 13

TBI is the leading cause of ____ and ____

Answer 13

injury related death and disability

Question 14

causes of TBI

Answer 14

falls

struck by an object

MVA

Question 15

the brain lies in the _____ and cont c _____

Answer 15

cranial cavity

spinal cord via foramen magnum

Question 16

3 meninges of brain

Answer 16

dura
arachnoid
pia matter

Question 17

clear colorless liquid produced by choroid plexus

Answer 17

CSF

Question 18

the brain floats in CSF in _______

Answer 18

subarachnoid space

Question 19

the brain floating in CSF is capable of ______

Answer 19

anteroposterior and lateral gliding

Question 20

anteroposterior gliding is limited by

Answer 20

sup cerebral veins attached to sup sagittal sinus

Question 21

lateral gliding is limited by

Answer 21

falx cerebri

Question 22

discuss the frontal lobe

Answer 22

intelligence and cognitive functions

planning, programming and execution of movements

Question 23

discuss the temporal lobe

Answer 23

reception of auditory stim

sensory aspect of speech

STM

Question 24

discuss the parietal lobe

Answer 24

processing, interpreting, and discriminating different sensory inputs

Question 25

discuss the occipital lobe

Answer 25

visual stim

Question 26

discuss the cerebellum

Answer 26

coord and control of voluntary motions

uncon proprio and balance

Question 27

discuss the brainstem

Answer 27

reflex and automatic response

Question 28

BA 3,1,2

Answer 28

primary somatosensory

pain, temp, touch and pressre

Question 29

BA 4

Answer 29

primary motor

executing motion of contra segments

Question 30

BA 5,7

Answer 30

somatosensory assoc

recieves synthesized connections from the primary and secondary cortices for complex assoc

Question 31

BA 6

Answer 31

premotor

guidance of motion of proximal and trunk muscles

planning of complex motions

Question 31

BA 17

Answer 31

primary visual

spatial info for vision

Question 31

BA 8

Answer 31

frontal eye field

conjugate horizontal eye movement away from stim

Question 31

BA 9,10,11,12

Answer 31

prefrontal

highest cortical area

motor planning, organization, attention, memory

Question 31

BA 18,19

Answer 31

secondary visual

interpret form and recognition

Question 31

BA 39, 40

Answer 31

supramarginal and angular

receptive speech

lesion = gerstmann’s

Question 31

BA 22

Answer 31

wernicke’s

complex language and auditory processing