TBI Part 1 Flashcards
what is TBI
alteration in brain function and pathology d/t external forces
blow or penetrating force
compare traumatic and non-traumatic injuries
trauma - external force
non - stroke, tumors; internal
compare TBI to head injuries
head injury - blow or laceration to head and may occur s brain injury
compare open and closed TBI
open - skull breaks = disruption of brain tissue and dura
closed - intact skull but injury to brain
compare mild, mod and severe TBI
mild - 80%; head contusions
mod - 10%
severe - 10%
exp how manganese is neurotoxic
assoc c parkinson’s
exp how zinc is neurotoxic
can lead to MS
exp how copper is neurotoxic
leads to wilson’s
exp how calcium is can cause neuro deficits
calcium deficiency = neuro or psychologic sx
exp how gaucher’s or niemann-pick is can cause neuro deficits
both are genetic disorders related to inadequate lipid metabolism
= fatty cells deposit in organs = progressive loss of function of nerves and brain
exp how anoxia is can cause neuro deficits
lack of O2 to brain
cardiac arrest
CVD
CO poisoning
areas of the brain prone to anoxia
hippocampus and BG
TBI is the leading cause of ____ and ____
injury related death and disability
causes of TBI
falls
struck by an object
MVA
the brain lies in the _____ and cont c _____
cranial cavity
spinal cord via foramen magnum
3 meninges of brain
dura
arachnoid
pia matter
clear colorless liquid produced by choroid plexus
CSF
the brain floats in CSF in _______
subarachnoid space
the brain floating in CSF is capable of ______
anteroposterior and lateral gliding
anteroposterior gliding is limited by
sup cerebral veins attached to sup sagittal sinus
lateral gliding is limited by
falx cerebri
discuss the frontal lobe
intelligence and cognitive functions
planning, programming and execution of movements
discuss the temporal lobe
reception of auditory stim
sensory aspect of speech
STM
discuss the parietal lobe
processing, interpreting, and discriminating different sensory inputs
discuss the occipital lobe
visual stim
discuss the cerebellum
coord and control of voluntary motions
uncon proprio and balance
discuss the brainstem
reflex and automatic response
BA 3,1,2
primary somatosensory
pain, temp, touch and pressre
BA 4
primary motor
executing motion of contra segments
BA 5,7
somatosensory assoc
recieves synthesized connections from the primary and secondary cortices for complex assoc
BA 6
premotor
guidance of motion of proximal and trunk muscles
planning of complex motions
BA 17
primary visual
spatial info for vision
BA 8
frontal eye field
conjugate horizontal eye movement away from stim
BA 9,10,11,12
prefrontal
highest cortical area
motor planning, organization, attention, memory
BA 18,19
secondary visual
interpret form and recognition
BA 39, 40
supramarginal and angular
receptive speech
lesion = gerstmann’s
BA 22
wernicke’s
complex language and auditory processing
