Cranial Nerves Flashcards
pure sensory CN
128 Hz
CN 1, 2, 8
CN for vagal function
1971 - 10, 9, 7, 11
parasympathetic CN
1973 - 10, 9, 7, 3
mixed motor and sensory CN
1975 - 10, 9, 7, 5
nucleus of solitary tract
SENSORY
7, 9, 10
nucleus ambiguus
MOTOR
9, 10, 11
CN I testing
olfactory - smell
intro smell then ask pt to close eyes tas one nostrill at a time
1-2 trials
absent sense of smell
anosmia
dec sense of smell
hyposmia
inc sense of smell
hyperosmia
distorted sense of smell
dysosmia
perception of bad smell
cacosmia
smell s any stimulus
parosmia
CN II testing
visual acuity
visual field
pupillary light reflex
consensual light reflex
visual acuity test
snellen eye chart
14 in for near vision
6 ft for far vision
cover one eye and read downwards kung san mag kamali yung grade is the line above
near sightedness
myopia
visual field test
testing for peripheral vision - does not need to be malinaw basta kita
cover one eye then place hands lateral to pt then draw hands closer to midline
pt can have good acuity but bad visual field
compare glaucoma to scotoma
glaucoma - tunneling, wala peripheral pero ok centran; DM pts
scotoma - wala central kc may dark spot sa center; MS pts
pupillary light relfex testing
constriction of ipsi eye when exposed to light - checks EDW of CN III
remove glassess
explain abnormal findings in pupillary light reflex testing
non reflex of R eye when exposed to light = oculomotor prob
non reflex of (B) eyes = (R) optic nerve prob of (B) oculomotor prob
explain the pupillary light reflex
sensory - optic
motor - oculomotor
light on (R) eye will reach (R) pretectal - (B) EDW - (B) ciliary ganglion - (B) contrictor pupillae = (B) constriciton
consensual light reflex testing
(R) eye exposed to light so (L) should also constrict
damage to optic nerve
monocular blindness
damage to optic chiasm
bitemporal hemianopsia
damage to optic tract
homonymous hemianopsia
testing for CN III
confontration tests - accomodation reflex
if object is near = constricted
object is far = dialted
testing for EOMs
CN III, CN IV, CN VI
all are CN II except
- SO4 and LR6
so pt must not move head while following pt’s fingers using eyes only
damage to CN VI effect in vision
horizontal diplopia - 2 nakikita sa L and R
damage to CN IV effect in vision
vertical diplopia - 2 nakikita sa taas and baba
esotropia
internal strabismus - eyes go medially or inwards
LR6 prob
exotropia
external strabismus - eyes go laterally or outwards
MR3 problem
unequal pupils
anisocoria
constriction of pupils
miosis
dilation of pupils
mydriasis
far sightedness
presbyopia
diplopia
double vision
CN 4 or 6 prob
CN V testing
all sensory of face - tests VPM
sensory testing
MMT of muscles of mastication
corneal reflex test
jaw reflex
all muscles of mastication elevate the jaw except _____
lat pterygoid - depresses
jaw reflex is done on the ______
tendon of mentalis
corneal reflex test
most sensitive of CN V
sensort - CN V1
motor - CN VII
wipe cotton on sclera and pt blinks
best indicator of CN V damage
(-) corneal reflex and diplopia
CN VII testing
all motor of face
MMT of facial muscles
sensation of anterior 2/3 of tounge
central paralysis of CN VII
lower quadrant of face - stroke
peripheral paralysis of CN VII
whole one side - bell’s
MMT of facial muscle tesitng
do facial expressions and resist opening of eyes - CN VII
N, WF, NF, 0
ant 2/3 of tounge testing
CN VII
sips of water c salt, sugar
CN VIII testing
rinne’s before weber’s - hearing before lateralization
compare conductive and sensorinueral hearing loss
conductive - outer and middle ear prob like earwax
sensorineural - inner ear or brain prob
rinne’s test
tuning fork on mastoid before ear
compare length of sound of AC and BC
normal - AC > BC
conductive - BC > AC
sensorinueral - AC = BC
weber’s test
tuning fork on vertex of skull
normal - central sound or =
conductive - louder on affected side
sensorinueral - no sound is heard on affected; louder on normal side
CN IX and CN X testing
gag reflex
swallong and speaking
vagus nerve test
gag reflex testing
sensory - CN IX
motor - CN X
use tounge dep on psot mouth
swallong and speaking test
pt’s c dysphagia
contra to pt c aspiration and pneumonia
vagus nerve testing
soft apalte movement - say AHHHHHH
deviates towards stronger sides
(R) CN X prob = uvuala to the left
CN XI testing
MMT of traps and SCM
CN XII testing
all muscles of toungue except palatoglossus
protrude toungue - (R) CN VII prob = toungue to R
deviates towards weaker side
what nerve supplies the palatoglossus
CN X
