TB 8 Electrical Hazards at Fires

Question 1

AMPS- Current flow, or ____, is what flows on a wire or conductor like water flowing down a river.

Answer 1

electron flow

Question 2

VOLTS- Voltage is the difference in ___ between two points in a circuit.

Answer 2

electrical potential

Question 3

It is the ___ behind current flow through a circuit. Electrical pressure is measured in volts, while the comparable term in water hydraulics would be pounds per square inch (psi).

Answer 3

push or pressure

Question 4

KILOVOLTS- The measure of ____. A measure commonly used by Los Angeles Department of Water and Power (LADWP) and in the electricity provider industry.

Answer 4

1000 volts

Question 5

OHMS- ___determines how much current will flow through a component.

Answer 5

Resistance

Question 6

___ Law defines the relationships between power (watts), voltage (volts), current (Amps), and resistance (ohms).

Answer 6

Ohm’s

Question 7

Watts =

Answer 7

amps x volts

Question 8

Amps =

Answer 8

watts x volts

Question 9

Volts =

Answer 9

watts x amps

Question 10

WATTS- Power is the amount of ___ times the voltage level at a given point measured in wattage or watts. (Watts = amps x volts.)

Answer 10

current

Question 11

Extremely high voltage: voltages in excess of _____ volts. Usually transmission voltage.

Answer 11

60,000

Question 12

High voltage: voltage from ______ volts.

Answer 12

600 volts up to 59,999

Question 13

In the LADWP system the primary distribution lines are usually ____.

Answer 13

4.8kv

Question 14

Low Voltage: Usually below ___ volts. These are called secondary circuit voltage and commonly referred to as “secondary”.

Answer 14

600

Question 15

current is equivalent to ___ flowing through fire hose

Answer 15

water

Question 16

___ can be considered to be the equivalent of gallons per minute (gpm)

Answer 16

amps

Question 17

Electrical conductors function similar to fire hose: water flows through hose and current flows through ___.

Answer 17

conductors

Question 18

___ is the term for opposition to electrical current found in a conductor and is compared to friction loss in a fire hose.

Answer 18

Resistance

Question 19

The LADWP system is comprised of over ___ transformers, over _____ poles and 1000’s of substructures and switches installed over the last 70 years.

Answer 19

50,000 / 250,000

Question 20

The power generation plant is where the electrical energy transformation process ___ and where a complete circuit starts.

Answer 20

originates

Question 21

Generators use mechanical energy, such as water pouring through a dam or the motion of a turbine driven by steam, to produce _____

Answer 21

electricity.

Question 22

Generation facilities generate electricity between _____ volts.

Answer 22

4000 and 20,000

Question 23

In order to raise the voltage for this task generation stations use switching facilities that rely on ____.

Answer 23

transformers

Question 24

In the switching facility transformers utilize their own magnetic fields to lower required amps while proportionately raising the pressure (voltage), sometimes to over ____.

Answer 24

one million volts

Question 25

____ lines are used to carry the electricity from generation stations in a system of wires that carry electricity to the grid.

Answer 25

Transmission

Question 26

Transmission lines are used to carry high voltage electricity the long distances from ____ to ____.

Answer 26

generating plants / distribution stations.

Question 27

Voltages on transmission lines range from _____.

Answer 27

69kv to over 1000kv

Question 28

Most of the transmission lines coming into Los Angeles are ____, but many lines are higher than that.

Answer 28

230kv

Question 29

All voltages above ___ are referred to as transmission voltages.

Answer 29

69kv

Question 30

The structures that support transmission lines are usually ____.

Answer 30

steel towers

Question 31

These transmissionlines have a long string of ____ that keep the wires from touching the steel towers and in turn finding a path to the earth.

Answer 31

insulators

Question 32

Strings of insulators on transmission towers can range from ____ long depending on the voltage they are trying to hold back from contacting the towers that support them.

Answer 32

3- to 20-feet

Question 33

The LADWP also has a number of transmission lines with voltages of____.

Answer 33

138kv or 230kv.

Question 34

The component of the electric system that delivers electrical energy to the consumer or residence consists of ______.

Answer 34

distribution stations and distribution lines.

Question 35

The ______ can be described as a group of electric stations, high- and low-voltage power lines and poles and surface and underground transformers located through out the city.

Answer 35

distribution system

Question 36

In fact, the voltage is stepped down ____ in the distribution system before it is delivered to most consumers.

Answer 36

three times

Question 37

LADWP Distribution Stations – ____ that utilize transformers to change high-voltage electricity into lower voltage. This process begins at the receiving station.

Answer 37

Substations

Question 38

The ______ Lines carry electricity from the distribution system to homes, offices and factories which require low-voltage electricity.

Answer 38

Distribution

Question 39

Overhead Distribution System: consists of wires mounted on ___ poles (Most common type in City of Los Angeles).

Answer 39

steel or wood

Question 40

The LADWP has 21 receiving stations which receive the electricity at transmission voltages (138kv to 500kv) and step the voltage down to _____, which is referred to as sub-transmission.

Answer 40

34.5kv

Question 41

There are over 150 distribution stations where the electricity is received at 34.5kv and stepped down to _____.

Answer 41

4.8 kv

Question 42

This is the voltage known as ___ circuit voltage. The 4.8kv primary lines run from a distribution station to the neighborhood that it feeds.

Answer 42

primary

Question 43

Each primary has an average of ___ consumers

Answer 43

750

Question 44

The LADWP has over ____ primary circuits in the city.

Answer 44

1500

Question 45

The most common are large commercial or industrial consumers such as hospitals, malls, high-rise buildings, metro rail stations and large complexes, which are connected at ___.

Answer 45

34.5kv

Question 46

A capacitor is a type of electronic component which passively acts as a form of ___. When a charge of opposing currents is run through the device then a field is generated in which energy is _____.

Answer 46

conductor / stored

Question 47

High-voltage capacitors have been known to retain a deadly electrical charge even ____ after power has been removed from the circuit.

Answer 47

weeks