TB 172 Electric/Hybrid Vehicles and Lithium-Ion Battery Flashcards
The challenges that present themselves with Lithium-ion (Li-Ion) Battery systems is that these systems continue to _____.
generate heat well after the fire is extinguished.
In the incident involving the Tesla Model X (above), it was well documented that ignition from a Li-ion Battery can take place up to ____.
six days after the initial fire.
The ____ is the most typical power product for the electrified vehicle powertrain system today.
Lithium-ion battery
Telsa Battery Pack can range from _____
100 - 500 plus volts
A “Thermal Runaway” is a term used when a battery cell suffers ____; the battery ______, even when it is extinguished and/or submerged in water.
a short circuit / heats up and continues to produce heat
A Lithium-ion battery is subject to thermal runaway when it has been ______, exposed to heat, or internal short circuit due to a factory defect or aging.
damaged from either penetration or crushing in a collision
These batteries will continue to dissipate heat during their de-energizing process and will not stop until completely _____.
de-energized
During a thermal runaway event, temperatures can exceed over _____.
900 degrees Fahrenheit.
Unless a Lithium-ion battery pack is completely ____, a thermal runaway will promulgate to other batteries and the rest of the battery pack will continue to burn.
disassembled and de-energized
The National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) statistics show that about ____ catch fire for every _____ driven in the United States.
90 cars / 1 billion miles
In the first billion miles driven by Tesla (mid-2015), there were ____ fires. Based on these statistics, an EV is less likely to ignite in a collision than an internal combustion engine vehicle.
three documented
Fires have occurred in several EV vehicles in the United States and the world primarily due to ____.
high-speed impacts.
An exposed EV battery, including its wiring and components, can kill anyone that comes in contact with it. The high-voltage ____ will cause a _____.
direct current (DC) / lethal electrical shock.
NFPA has conducted research on vehicle fires involving EV. Results have shown that even when the EV battery was on fire, _____ through the water stream and nozzle back to the Firefighters.
no electricity was transmitted
LAFD personnel shall establish a ____ when extinguishing an EV fire with water and wear full structure fire personal protective equipment (PPE) and self-contained breathing apparatus (SCBA). Always consider the vehicle as energized.
30’ safety zone
During NFPA testing, it was determined that it could take _____ gallons of water to effectively cool down the battery.
2,600 and up to 3,000
LAFD personnel working on vehicles after a fire or accident should wear the Department approved ____ any time they come in contact with the vehicle, including incidents that require extrication.
Gauntlet Gloves
Do not use Foam: a layer of foam can actually___ to prevent further cooling.
insulate the hot area
basic engineering remains that liquid under high pressure (_____) is less effective for prevention of heat transfer in a large battery than steady flow or low pressure.
nozzle pressure of over 50 psi
First Responder Cut Loop is a low voltage harness, cutting the loop shuts down _____.
the high voltage system outside of the high voltage battery and disables the SRS and airbag components.
Testing has indicated it could require over ___ depending on the size and location of the battery.
2,600 gallons of water,
