Taxation during the Spanish Period

Question 1

Ok.

Answer 1

Taxation during the Spanish period was compulsory.

Question 2

As recognition of Spain’s sovereignty over the colonies; To defray the expenses of pacification (the act of forcibly suppressing hostility within the colonies) and governance

Answer 2

Requirement to pay taxes

Question 3

Made colonial laws on taxation for the Spanish monarch

Answer 3

Real y Supremo Cansejo de las Indias (Royal and Supreme Council of the Indies)

Question 4

Taxation during the Spanish period was compulsory; All Spanish colonies in America and the Philippines were required to pay taxes.

Answer 4

Taxation

Question 5

Is where laws were embodied in the compilation of legislations related to the New World; Four-volume collection of laws relating to the Indies; Published in Madrid in 1861

Answer 5

Recopilacion de leyes de los reynos de las Indias

Question 6

General tax paid by the Filipinos to Spain; Amounted to eight Reales

Answer 6

Tributo

Question 7

18 to 50 years old males; Carpenters, bricklayers, blacksmiths, tailors, and shoemakers; Town workers such as hose in road construction, and those whose is public in nature

Answer 7

Eligible to pay

Question 8

Amounted to three Reales; Required for the cost of Christianization, including the construction of churches and the purchase of materials for religious celebrations

Answer 8

Sanctorum

Question 9

Amount of half Real; For the military campaign of the government against Muslims; In the later years, it became exclusively used for the Spanish fort in Zamboanga

Answer 9

Donativo

Question 10

Amounted to 1 Real; Expenses of the town in the construction of roads, repair of bridges, or the improvement of public buildings

Answer 10

Caja de comunidad

Question 11

Polo y servicios; Form of forced labor during the Spanish period in the Philippines

Answer 11

Servicio personal

Question 12

All 16 to 60 years old were required to work in the construction of bridges, churches, and galleon ships; Earlier, there were required to work for 40 days. However, the number of days were lowered to 15 days in 1884 as a result of the tax reform isured through a Royal Decree; Some of the them were brought to fight against the Muslims and others were brought in the Spanish expeditions

Answer 12

polista

Question 13

Fine which was the only way that a polista can be freed from forced labor

Answer 13

falla

Question 14

Gobernadorcillo, cabeza de barangay and other members of the principalia

Answer 14

People who were exempted

Question 15

Done by: Ilocanos, Ibanags, and other Filipinos; Reason: Alleged abuses of the tax collectors, including the collection of high taxes; Six tax collectors who had arrived from Vigan were killed by the natives; The rebels were pardoned in the end; First native revolts against the hated tributed and he corrupt tribute collectors; Result: The Philippine tax system

Answer 15

Cagayan and Dingras Revolts (1589)

Question 16

Send Spanish and Filipino colonial troops to pacify the rebels

Answer 16

Governor-General Santiago de Vera

Question 17

Done by: Agustin Sumuroy who was a Waray, together with his followers rose in arms against the Spaniards; Main Reason: polo y servicio or forced labor system being started in Samar; Trigger: town mayors sent the Warays to the shipyards in Cavite fo forced labor, contrary to the directive of the government of Manila that all natives subject to the polo would not be sent to distant places from their hometowns to do forced labor; Latent Effects: death murder of the parish priest of Palapag; spread of revolt to Cebu, Masbate, Camiguin, Bicol, Camarines, Albay, Zammboanga, and Surigao; Result: Establishment of rebel government in Samar; End: the capture and execution of Agustin Sumuroy on June 1650 led to the eventual defeat of the rebels; Continuation: David Dula, Sumuroy’s co-conspirator, continued the quest, but was wounded in one of the fierce battles he fought with the Spaniards years later. He was captured and later executed in Palapag, Northern Samar. His men, the seven key lieutenants, were also executed.

Answer 17

Augustin Sumuroy’s Revolt (June 1, 1649)

Question 18

Done by: Francisco Maniago, a Kapampangan; Where: Pampanga; Reason: Against tribute, forced labor, and rice exploitation; For eight months, they were made to work under unfair conditions and were not paid for their labor and for the rice purchased from them; How: they set their campsite on fire and the fight ensued. This was the start of a bloodier revolt in Pangasinan.

Answer 18

Francisco Maniago’s Revolt (1660 – 1661)

Question 19

Done by: Malong (who was the Maestro de Campo of Binalatongan, now San Carlos City, Pangasinan; Trigger: Malong was coaxed by Maniago to revolt against the abuses of the Spandiards because they were experiencing the same abuses; How: Malong, hoped to be King in the province of Pangasinan, as he assisted many Spaniards in governing different towns in the said province, but abandoned it when the war broke out in Pampanga; End: He heeded the call of Maniago and led the people of Pangasinan to take up arms against the Spaniards. When he succeeded, he proclaimed himself King of Pangasinan.

Answer 19

Andres Malong Revolt (1660 – 1661)

Question 20

One of the good reforms which Spain introduced in the 19th century Provided by the Royal Decree of march 6, 1884

Answer 20

Tax Reform of 1884

Question 21

abolition of the hated tributed and its replacement of cedula; reduction of the 40-day forced labor to 15 days

Answer 21

Provisions

Question 22

Cedulas were first issued based on the Royal Decree on March 6, 1884

Answer 22

Cedulas Personales

Question 23

All men and women residents of the islands – Spaniards, foreigners, and natives – who were over 18 years old were required to obtain a cedula

Answer 23

Requirement

Question 24

the Chinese, who paid another poll tax, the remontados d infieles, that were not subject to the local administration, and the natives and colonists of the archipelago of Jolo and of the islands of Balabac and Palawan.

Answer 24

Exemptions

Question 25

16 classes of cedulas; Originally, there were nine cases taxed

Answer 25

Classes of Cedua

Question 26

rates of taxes ranged from 1.50 pesos to 25 pesos, and a tenth, gratis, for priests, soldiers and privileged classes.

Answer 26

Range