T8 - Translators and facilities:

Question 1

Machine code:

Answer 1

first computers,= all programs were written in machine code
Instructions = binary

Question 2

machine code con

Answer 2

Difficult and time-consuming

Question 3

Assembly language: use

Answer 3

Device drivers are written here

Question 4

assembly language function

Answer 4

allows a programmer to create programs more easily than writing in machine code

Question 5

how assembly code works

Answer 5

Each instruction maps directly to machine code
- translated into machine code before it can be executed

Question 6

assembly code features

Answer 6

processor-specific

Question 7

assembly code meaning

Answer 7

Known as a low-level language = each instruction corresponds directly to a machine code instruction

Question 8

High-level languages

Answer 8

generally have statements that look a bit like English or Maths

Question 9

high level languages features

Answer 9

• have data structures such as arrays and records

Question 10

high level language pros

Answer 10

• easier to learn and understand
  written faster
  easier to understand and debug

Question 11

high level language works by:

Answer 11

• translation is done by a program which may be either a compiler or an interpreter

Question 12

Low level languages pros:

Answer 12

run very quickly
require less RAM
used to control and manipulate specific hardware components (device drivers)

Question 13

compiler

Answer 13

translates a high-level language into machine code

Question 14

source code

Answer 14

code written by the programmer

Question 15

object code

Answer 15

the code produced by the compiler
saved to a storage drive and runs whenever required

Question 16

interpreter

Answer 16

Program that translates a high-level language into machine code

Question 17

interpreter different to compiler - object code

Answer 17

Unlike a compiler, no object code is produced

Question 18

interpreter works

Answer 18

• translates each line of code + executes it immediately

Question 19

interpreter pros

Answer 19

More portable = can run on any computer with an interpreter

Question 20

what happens if an interpreter reaches a line with syntax error

Answer 20

it stops and displays an error message

Question 20

compiler translates to produce

Answer 20

object code

Question 21

interpreter translates and executes

Answer 21

one line at a time

Question 22

compiled program speed

Answer 22

faster as it is already in machine code

Question 23

interpreter speed

Answer 23

Takes more time to execute as
each instruction is translated
before it is executed

Question 24

does compiler always have to be installed

Answer 24

No need for the compiler to be
present when the object code
is run

Question 25

does the interpreter always have to be installed

Answer 25

interpreter must be
installed to run the program

Question 26

customers and compilers

Answer 26

Customers who have bought
commercial software cannot
see the code when they buy it
so cannot adapt it

Question 27

customers and interpreters

Answer 27

Customers can see the source
code so could adapt it or see
how it works

Question 28

Bytecode

Answer 28

can be interpreted on many different types of processor using an interpreter

Question 29

bytecode meaning

Answer 29

Some languages, such as Java, are compiled into this intermediate stage

Question 30

bytecode javascript eg

Answer 30

is interpreted; the source code is included in the web page and then interpreted in the browser

Question 31

java script use

Answer 31

used in creating web pages,

Question 32

High-level languages include

Answer 32

Python, VB and Java.

Question 33

High-level languages need to be

Answer 33

compiled or interpreted before they can be run. Assembly language is a low-level language. It is assembled into machine code before it is run.

Question 34

Assembly language is a

Answer 34

low-level language.
It is assembled into machine code before it is run.