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GCSE Computer Science > Operating Systems 1.2 > Flashcards

Operating Systems 1.2 Flashcards

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1
Q

4 main components of an os

A
  • kernel
  • device drivers
  • User interface
  • System utilities
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2
Q

Operating system -state 4 points

A
  • set of programs that controls the hardware of a computer
  • means of communication between the user and the computer
  • deals with loading/running of applications
  • manages the transfer of data/files to/from peripheral devices
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3
Q

Peripheral devices

A

Connected to a computer internally/externally attached

I.e speakers , monitor

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4
Q

Software application importance

A
  • Allows users to carry out tasks

- Software needs to communicate with hardware

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5
Q

Application software meaning

A

Programs on a computer that users use

- ie word

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6
Q

Function of os = accepting data

A
  • accepts data from input devices

- transfers it to the computers memory

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7
Q

Function of os = checking output devices

A
  • confirms that any output is sent to the correct output device
  • I.e words are displayed on a monitor
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8
Q

Function of os = managing data

A
  • manages transfer of data
  • between ram and hard drive
  • I.e saving documents
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9
Q

Function of os = allocating memory space to data

A
  • decides where to store data

- in the next available space of hard drive

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10
Q

Function of os = loading applications

A
  • loads programs into memory
  • controls running of them
  • ie opening a document on ram and editing it
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11
Q

Function of os = human interface

A
  • provides a human interface for user
  • ie login screen is the first page you see when you turn a computer on
  • eg homepage when you open a software
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12
Q

Function of os = dealing with errors

A
  • Deals with errors displayed by program
  • inform user
  • eg password incorrect, updates required
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13
Q

Function of os = special facilities

A

-provides facilities for multi programming

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14
Q

Function of os = System security

A
  • manages security
  • restricts access to prevent unauthorised access to system
  • eg user ID and password
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15
Q

Multi programming

A

Holds more than one program in memory

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16
Q

Multi tasking

A
  • doing more than one thing in memory
  • swaps programs in/out depending on usage
  • eg playing music while editing a document on word
17
Q

Multi user

A
  • allows different users at different terminals in a network to share processing time on a central computer
  • logging onto the same server = stores all info in the same place
  • allows os to switch quickly between terminals = giving each one a time slice
18
Q

Time slice

A

Giving each terminal a small amount of processing time on a central computer

19
Q

The kernel

A
  • manages computer memory through a piece of software called ‘memory manager’
  • schedules tasks
  • deals with data security
20
Q

Memory manager job inside kernel = 4 points

A
  • allows more than one application to be open in RAM
  • ensures applications stay separate/don’t interfere with each other
  • gives each application a private memory space in ram
  • responsible for moving programs within/between ram/vm
21
Q

Data security within the kernel

A
  • responsible for user permissions/ access rights
  • ensure user has correct permission to perform certain tasks
  • eg delete files /edit files
22
Q

Scheduling tasks within the kernel

A
  • sorts files in order of priority

- less priority files are used by the cpu later

23
Q

Device drivers

A
  • piece of software that tells os how to communicate w piece of hardware
  • is os specific
  • is hardware specific
24
Q

User interface

A
  • enables a user to interact with the computer

- eg = graphical, menu, command line interface

25
Q

GUI

A

-most common UI
-provides easy and visual ways of interacting with os
-uses images, icons, graphics
#eg windows

26
Q

Command line interface

A
  • user has to type commands in a particular way

- similar rules to programming languages

27
Q

System utilities

A

-collection of useful specialist software that performs specific tasks

28
Q

Compression utilities within system utilities

A

Reduces file size to increase space on hard drive

29
Q

Examples of system utilities

A
  • compression utilities
  • System restore utilities
  • defragmentation utilities
  • backup utilities
30
Q

Defragmentation utilities

A
  • cleans up hard drive
  • organises files so that similar ones are closer together
  • speeds up fetching as allocating becomes easier
  • increases performance if computer
31
Q

Backup utilities

A

Backs up data to keep safe

GCSE Computer Science (47 decks)

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