T4 - MS

Question 1

Describe the threat malware can pose to a network and give a prevention method

Answer 1

can delete/corrupt files/data
can change files/data

anti-malware

Question 2

Describe the threat a brute force attack can pose to a network and give a prevention method

Answer 2

gains access to user’s account//access
your password
…can access (private/confidential)
data

firewall
strong password

Question 3

Unauthorised access to
computer
prevention

Answer 3

Firewall

Question 4

Virus
prevention

Answer 4

Anti-virus/malware

Question 5

Phishing
prevention

Answer 5

spam filter
firewall

Question 6

Data interception prevention

Answer 6

encryption

Question 7

Name two other threats to the data in a computer system and give a method of preventing each.

Answer 7

Spyware (1) anti-spyware (1)
Pharming (1) Check web address is
valid(1)
Hardware failure/loss (1) Backup (1)

Question 8

Describe the problems that can arise from unauthorised access to his laptop and confidential documents.

Answer 8

Malware could be put on the computer
Data protection legislation states
personal data must be protected /
breaks Data protection legislation
… breach of privacy

Question 9

Describe two ways to prevent unauthorised access to his laptop.

Answer 9

Password
No access without the password

Monitor incoming and outgoing
transmissions

Question 10

Give two reasons why the library should use encryption.

Answer 10

Data cannot be understood if
intercepted

So that only authorised users can
access the confidential material

Question 11

Identify two methods of physical security that the company could use to protect their computer systems.

Answer 11

Locks
Keycard entry
Biometric entry to room
CCTV

Question 12

Identify and describe two software-based security methods

Answer 12

Anti-malware
Scans for / identifies
virus/spyware/malware

Firewall
Scans incoming and outgoing
traffic

Encryption
scrambles data - cannot be understood

Question 13

Identify three ways that Xander can make use of the file management facility.

Answer 13

He can place his files into
folders/directories
He can (re)name files/folders
He can move his files/folders

Question 14

Explain how the compression software will compress the image file.

Answer 14

• Use an algorithm
  .- ..to remove repeated/unnecessary
  data
• Could use lossy/lossless
• lossless will not remove data
  permanently
• lossy is permanent deletion
• reduce number of pixels

Question 15

Give the name of two other types of utility system software.

Answer 15

Defragmentation software
Encryption software
Backup software
Firewall

Question 16

Explain how defragmentation will change how the files and free space

Answer 16

Collate free space together

Collate file fragments together/contiguously
All of file 1 will be stored consecutively

Question 17

Explain why Ali’s computer can access the files faster after defragmentation.

Answer 17

When one page is read it does not
have to search for second page

Does not have to physically move as
far to get the next part of the file

Less physical movement saves time

Question 18

State the purpose of utility system software.

Answer 18

Perform housekeeping/maintenance tasks

Question 19

Explain the reasons why Layla performs both full and incremental backups.

Answer 19

full backup will copy every file and all
data
incremental will only copy files/data
that have changed
…incremental can only be done once a
full backup has been completed
…reduces time taken to backup each
time

Question 20

Identify and describe two functions of an operating system.

Answer 20

user interface
allows the user to communicate with
the hardware
allows user to input data

memory management / multitasking
moves data between RAM and VM
gets data from RAM
stores data to RAM