T3 - Client server network

Question 1

Client-server model:

Answer 1

One or more servers may be part of a LAN
there is a client computer and a server

Question 2

server

Answer 2

• powerful computer which provides services or resources required by any of the clients

Question 3

A client

Answer 3

• computer or device which requests the services or resources provided by the server

Question 4

In a school network:
A file server

Answer 4

holds all the data files and databases and manages backups

Question 5

In a school network:
A print server

Answer 5

may organise printing on different printers

Question 6

In a school network:
An email server

Answer 6

may receive emails, detect and block spam, distribute emails to users

Question 7

In a school network:
A web server

Answer 7

may host the school’s external website

Question 8

In a school network:
A database server

Answer 8

may hold student records

Question 9

In a school network: types of servers

Answer 9

-database
-printer
-web
-email
-file

Question 10

Role of the client:

Answer 10

The client sends requests to the server
Waits for a reply
Receives the reply

Question 11

Role of the server:

Answer 11

The server waits for requests from a client
Performs any processing required to fulfil the request
The requested data is sent back to the client

Question 12

Advantages: client server network

Answer 12

• file servers, = one file server needs to be backed up + files can be accessed from any computer
• Email servers = a central place for email that is then accessed from different devices
• print server manages all files to be printed. + allows one printer to be shared by many computers

Question 13

Peer to peer network:

Answer 13

Has no central server
Suitable for a small companies with fewer computers
No central server controls files or security
All computers can easily see files on all other computers
All computers can communicate with each other without going through a server

Question 14

Peer to peer network: pros

Answer 14

Advantages:
Easier to set up – computers can simply be cabled together
No need for dedicated server equipment
Individual computers can share a printer, router, modem and other hardware
Users can communicate directly with each other and share each others’ files

Question 15

Peer to peer network: cons

Answer 15

Disadvantages:
Viruses and malware are more easily transferred over this type of network as there is no central firewall
Data recovery and backup is not done centrally, so each computer has to have its own backup system
Files are not centrally organised, but stored on individual computers and may be hard to locate if the computer’s owner does not have a logical filing and naming system
If a computer is switched off, data on that machine cannot be retrieved from other machines

Question 16

P2P servers: are used for

Answer 16

Used for illegal distribution of copyright materia as they are harder to shut down

Question 17

P2P servers role and pro

Answer 17

allows each user to share parts of a file, rather than all downloads coming from one central server
This significantly reduces the amount of bandwidth required when trying to share a file

Question 18

Hosting:
Web hosting

Answer 18

• a service offered by companies that will host web pages and files for websites
  provide database servers

Question 19

hosting service providers

Answer 19

Companies that provide more general hosting, such as backup servers

Question 20

Hosting Advantages

Answer 20

Web hosts have far more bandwidth – so they can serve more users
Web hosts are able to monitor their equipment 24 hours a day
Web hosts will backup web sites remotely

Question 21

The cloud:

Answer 21

used to refer to services that are delivered over the Internet
enables users connected to any Internet-enabled computer to access these services

Question 22

cloud eg

Answer 22

Eg = Google Drive, OneDrive and Dropbox

Question 23

Cloud-based servers enable

Answer 23

access to software on demand

Question 24

cloud - pros

Answer 24

Advantages:
You can access your data and applications from anywhere at any time
You don’t need a powerful computer with a huge hard drive – everything is stored and run on a remote computer
Backing up data is no longer crucial – it is done by the service provider

Question 25

cloud - cons

Answer 25

Disadvantages:
Personal data will be stored on another company’s servers
If the Internet connection is lost, often the service becomes unusable
Slow Internet connections may result in a poor quality of service

Question 26

Factors that affect the performance of a network:

Answer 26

Bandwidth
Latency
Error rate/collisions

Question 27

Bandwidth

Answer 27

• is the amount of data that can be carried through a connection at a time
  Bandwidth is how many packets of information can travel through per second

Question 28

Connection speeds -

Answer 28

are measured in Mbps (Megabits per Second)

Question 29

Latency -

Answer 29

delay between the client and server or the length of time a packet of information takes to travel through the network

Question 30

copper cable cons

Answer 30

signal affected by electric and magnetic fields
low bandwidth
heavy cables

Question 31

Copper cable
(uses electricity) pros

Answer 31

tried and trusted technology
relatively inexpensive

Question 32

Fibre optics
(uses light) pros

Answer 32

very fast data transmission
low loss of signal over distance
not affected by magnetic or electric fields
require very little power
more difficult to ‘tap into’ than copper cables

Question 33

Fibre optics
(uses light) cons

Answer 33

high investment cost
need for expensive optical transmitters and receivers

Question 34

Wireless transmission
(uses radio waves)

pros

Answer 34

no need for trailing wires (safer)
allows devices to be used anywhere provided there is a signal
easier to add devices to a network

Question 35

Wireless transmission
(uses radio waves)
cons

Answer 35

data transmission rate less than wired systems
signal can be blocked by objects or walls
increased security issues