T5M2 Flashcards
Each sexually reproducing organism has a
characteristic
diploid and haploid number
What process allows for recombination of parental homologous chromosomes and therefore the production of unique and variable gametes
Meiosis
Prophase I is characterized by the process of
crossing over
Meiosis I characterized by
chromosome condensation and synapsis (or the pairing of and physical connection) of homologous chromosomes along their length
synaptonemal complex
forms between homologous chromosomes which holds them together during synapsis
duplicated chromosome consists of
a pair of sister chromatids
homologous chromosomes
Individual chromosomes that have been
inherited from each parent and these homologous chromosomes may have different versions (or alleles) of the same genes at the specific loci for specific genes
Meiosis end result
reduction in the number of chromosomes
in each daughter cell, with each of the final 4
daughter cells receiving one set of unique
chromosomes which makes these cells genetically different from each other and the parental cell.
Unique feature of meiosis
homologous chromosomes
Crossing over
a random process that can occur anywhere along the length of the paired homologous chromosomes and allows for the production of recombinant chromatids
As meiosis I progresses, the pairs of homologous chromosome bivalents will become
randomly arranged relative to each other at the metaphase plate by the microtubules of the spindle apparatus during metaphase I
What marks the end of meiosis I?
Telophase I
No chromosome duplication occurs between
meiosis I and meiosis II
telophase I and cytokinesis is immediately followed by
prophase II of meiosis II
Meiosis II is often referred to as
equational division
