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Microbiology Module 2 > T3: Mycobacterium (PART 2) > Flashcards

T3: Mycobacterium (PART 2) Flashcards

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1
Q

Special requirements for isolation of M. haemophilum

A

30-32 C and requires hemin

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2
Q

Advantages of the amplified direct DNA probe for ID of M. tuberculosis in a sputum specimen

A

*

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3
Q

Disadvantages of the amplified direct DNA probe for ID of M. tuberculosis in a sputum specimen

A

*

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4
Q

Runyon Groups:

Group I

A

Photochromogens

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5
Q

Runyon Groups:

Group II

A

Scotochromogens

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6
Q

Runyon Groups:

Group III

A

Nonchromogens

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7
Q

Runyon Groups:

Group IV

A

Rapid Growers

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8
Q

Sputum Processing for M. tuberculosis

- decontamination methods

A
    • Eliminate normal flora from the non-sterile samples
  • homogenization to release the bacteria from the sample and allow access to the nutrient present in the media
  • Homogenization: N-acetyl-cystine
  • Decontaminant: NaOH
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9
Q

Sputum Processing for M. tuberculosis

- concentration of NaOH

A
  • 2% NaOH is optimal to decontaminate but not kill all the mycobacteria
    Centrifugation: 3000-38000 x g or higher
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10
Q

Sputum Processing for M. tuberculosis

- smear staining

A

AFB stain on smear

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11
Q

Common members in Group I/Photochromogens

A 
M. kansasii
M. marinum 
M. simiae 
M. genavense 
M. asiaticum
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12
Q

Common members in Group II/Scotochromogens

A 
M. scrofulaceum  
M. szulgai 
M. xenopi 
M. celatum 
M. gordonae 
M. flavescens
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13
Q

Common members in Group III/Nonchromogens

A

M. avium
M. paratuberculosis
M. terrae
M. haemophilum

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14
Q

Common members in Group IV/Rapid Growers

A

M. fortuitum
M. chelonae
M. abcessus

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15
Q

Three members of the M. tuberculosis complex

A

M. tubeculosis
M. africanum
M. bovis

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16
Q

What is the setup of a skin culture for mycobacteria? (include temp, media etc)

A

EVERYTHING must be set up at 37C with bottle and solid media. Then if it is skin or soft tissue, also set up at 30-32C

17
Q

Appearance on an agar plate:

- M. tuberculosis

A

rough and buff

18
Q

Appearance on an agar plate:

- M. kansasii

A

buff colored when in the dark and yellow colored when exposed to light

19
Q

Appearance on an agar plate:

- M. xenopi

A

pale yellow to yellow orange regardless of light (very slower grower, loves 42C)

20
Q

Appearance on an agar plate:

- M fortuitum

A

rapid, rhizoids and rust appearance

21
Q

M. bovis:

- how does it affect the TB skin test

A

*

22
Q

M. bovis

- how it is used in cancer patients

A

BCG treatment in patients with bladder cancer

23
Q

M. bovis:

- how it is identified

A
  • water doplet-like colonies
  • Positive with the TB complex DNA probe
  • Susceptibility to T2H
24
Q

M. bovis

- relationship to BCG

A

An “attenuated” strain of M. bovis that does not cause disease but can stimulate the immune response is used for the Bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) vaccine

25
Q

Which mycobacteria are inhibited by T2H?

A

M. bovis

26
Q

Which mycobacteria are Nitrate positive?

A 
M. tuberculosis 
M. kansasii
M szulgai 
M flavescens 
M fortuitum
27
Q

How can urease be used as a clue to differentiate scotochromogens into pathogens vs. nonpathogenic

A

Urease positive means its probably a pathogen, negative urease usually indicates a contaminant

28
Q

Methods for identifying M. leprae

A

*

29
Q

Tests that differentiate M. tuberculosis and M. bovis

A

Niacin, Nitrate, and T2H
M. tuberculosis: Niacin (+), Nitrate (+) T2H (resistant)
M bovis: Niacin (-), Nitrate (-) T2H (susceptible)

30
Q

Key biochemical reactions for differentiating members of the rapid growers group

A

MAC and Iron uptake

31
Q

Key biochemical reactions for differentiating members of the scotochromogens group

A

Urease and Tween

32
Q

Key biochemical reactions for differentiating members of the photochromogens group

A

photochromogenicity and temperature

Microbiology Module 2 (19 decks)

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