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Microbiology Module 2 > T1: Anaerobic GPRs > Flashcards

T1: Anaerobic GPRs Flashcards

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1
Q

Probrionibacterium

- normal flora

A

skin

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2
Q

Probrionibacterium

- GLC pattern

A

GLC = aP

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3
Q

Probrionibacterium

- What infections is it involved in

A

CNS shunt infections, endocarditis, prosthetic joint infections, eye
- Found in blood and CSF cultures after 5 days

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4
Q

Bifidobacterium

- Normal Flora

A

Common fecal flora

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5
Q

Bifidobacterium

- Gram stain

A

Y shaped GPR

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6
Q

Lactobacillus

- normal flora

A

GI and vaginal flora

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7
Q

Actinomyces

- Gram stain

A

often branching GPRs

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8
Q

Actinomyces israelii

- plate morphology

A

ROUGH/SLOW growth, molar tooth 5- 14 days or longer

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9
Q

Actinomyces israelii

- gram stain

A

branching rods

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10
Q

Actinomyces israelii

- broth

A

chunky in broth

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11
Q

Actinomyces israelii

- disease

A
  • Actinomycosis - “Lumpy Jaw”

- Sulphur granules from drainage

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12
Q

Actinomyces naeslundii

- plate morphology

A

Moderate growth/SMOOTH on BAP

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13
Q

Actinomyces naeslundii

- broth

A

turbid

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14
Q

Mobiluncus

- Gram stain

A

motile slightly curved rod

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15
Q

Mobiluncus

- disease

A

non-specific vaginitis or bacterial vaginosis

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16
Q

Eubacterium

- disease

A

rarely cause disease because beneficial bacterium

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17
Q

Eubacterium

- normal flora

A

intestinal tract

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18
Q

Eggerthella lenta

- normal flora

A

intestinal tract

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19
Q

Three types of spores

A

Terminal
Central
Subterminal

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20
Q

Most clinical isolates of anaerobic gram positive spore forming rods are what?

A

Clostridium

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21
Q

Clostridium perfringens

- gram stain

A

GPR - spore forming but often stains gram neg on a direct smear

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22
Q

Clostridium perfringens

- What are the reactions with milk, lecithinase, lipase, and reverse CAMP test?

A

milk: proteolytic (milk-curd/digest)
Lecithinase: positive
Lipase: negative
Reverse CAMP: positive

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23
Q

Clostridium perfringens

- plate morphology

A

double zone beta hemolysis

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24
Q

Clostridium perfringens

- two major diseases

A
  1. Gas gangrene

2. Food poisoning

25
Q

Gas gangrene (myonecrosis)

  • most common cause
  • toxins
  • what happens
A
  • Clostridium
  • Cytotoxins destroy cells/tissues
  • Gas, bullae, discoloration
26
Q

Crepitant (anaerobic) cellulitis

- what is not involved

A

muscle and facia not involved

27
Q

Clostridium perfringens food poisoning is found in what foods?

A

meats and gravy

28
Q

Clostridium ramosum

- flora

A

GI

29
Q

Clostridium ramosum

- Gram stain

A

virginia rail fence and palisading; terminal spores rarely seen

30
Q

Clostridium septicum

- plate morphology

A

swarms; spreading colonies; slight beta hemolysis

31
Q

Clostridium septicum

- gram stain

A

GPR that may have citron-shaped GPRs

32
Q

Clostridium septicum

- two diseases

A
  1. gas gangrene

2. bacteremia associated with malignancy

33
Q

Clostridium septicum

- for diseases, are the mortality rates high or low and can therapy make a difference

A
  • High

- early recognition and proper therapy can make a significant difference in mortality

34
Q

Clostridium sordellii

- gram stain

A

chaining GPR, with lots of free spores

35
Q

Clostridium sordellii

- Plate morphology

A

very irregular colonies

36
Q

Clostridium tetani

- gram stain

A

GPRs with LARGE terminal spores

37
Q

Clostridium tetani

- plate morphology

A

Irregular shaped colonies, “course ground glass”

38
Q

Tetanus

  • another name/ what does it cause
  • infection or intoxication
A
  • Lockjaw

- intoxication

39
Q

Clostridium botulinum

- three infections

A
  1. Foodborne
  2. Infant botulism (floppy baby syndrome)
  3. Wound botulism
40
Q

Foodborne C. botulinum

  • found in what foods
  • infection or intoxication
  • what occurs from disease
  • treatment
A
  • home canned foods
  • intoxication
  • descending “flaccid paralysis”
  • Antitoxin
41
Q

Infant botulism causes by C. botulinum

  • another name
  • what food is implicated
  • infection or intoxication
A
  • Floppy Baby Syndrome
  • Honey
  • Infection
42
Q

Clostridium sporogenes

- lipase reaction

A

positive

43
Q

Clostridium sporogenes

- gram stain

A

GPR with subterminal and free spores

44
Q

Clostridium sporogenes

- colony morphology

A

can swarm (filamentous, medusa head colonies)

45
Q

Clostridium difficile

- normal flora

A

intestinal flora

46
Q

Clostridium difficile

- plate morphology

A

Large colonies, irregular edge and shape, raised yellowish to grey-white with a COARSE “CIS”

47
Q

Clostridium difficile

- GLC

A

GLC = a…IC (lots of peaks in-between)

48
Q

C. difficile disease an _______ ________ diarrhea

A

antibiotic associated

49
Q

What is true about C. difficile disease’s mortality

A

bloody diarrhea can be fatal

50
Q

Why does C. difficile disease potentially serious threat to immunocompromised patients?

A

spores on hands, bed sheets, surfaces in hospital environment

51
Q

Clostridium difficile

- two major toxins

A
  1. Toxin A = enterotoxin

2. Toxin B = cytotoxin

52
Q

Two ways to identify Clostridium difficile

A
  1. Rapid real-time PCR

2. Gold standard toxigenic culture for C diff and ID - but too slow

53
Q

Rapid real-time PCR assays for which of Clostridium difficile’s toxins

A

Toxin B

54
Q

Clostridium clostridioforme

- gram stain

A

GPR that more commonly stains gram negative; tapered ends - football shaped

55
Q

Indole

- what does a positive and negative reaction look like

A

Postive: red color
Negative: no color change

56
Q

Gelatin Test

- how do you perform the test?

A

Gelatin liquefaction. Place tube in refrigerator for 20 minutes and check for liquefaction

57
Q

Gelatin Test

- Postive and negative reactions

A

Positive: liquid
Weak pos: semisolid or partial liquid
Negative: solid

58
Q

Milk test

- what are we testing for

A

milk proteolysis by visually inspection

59
Q

Milk test

- results

A

Milk is solid: CURD
Milk is clear: DIGESTION
Milk is solid w/ some clearing: Curd and Digestion
Milk has no change: NC

Microbiology Module 2 (19 decks)

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