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Melissa's Pharm 2 > T2-Diabetes Insulin > Flashcards

T2-Diabetes Insulin Flashcards

1
Q

What are the short duration: rapid acting insulins?

A

Insulin Lispro
Insulin Aspart
Insulin Glulisine

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2
Q

What are the short duration: slower acting insulins?

A

Insulin Regular

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3
Q

What are the intermediate duration insulins?

A

NPH insulin

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4
Q

What are the long duration insulins?

A

Insulin glargine

Insulin detemir

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5
Q

What is the trade name for insulin lispro?

A

Humalog

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6
Q

What is the trade name for insulin aspart?

A

Novolog

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7
Q

What is the trade name for insulin glulisine?

A

Apidra

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8
Q

What is the trade name for regular insulin?

A

Humulin R, Novolin R

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9
Q

What is the trade name for NPH insulin?

A

Humulin N, Novolin N

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10
Q

What is the trade name for insulin glargine?

A

Lantus

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11
Q

What is the trade name for insulin detemir?

A

Levemir

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12
Q

Novolog

A

Insulin Aspart

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13
Q

Humulin R

A

Regular

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14
Q

Lantus

A

Insulin Glargine

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15
Q

Novolin N

A

NPH

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16
Q

Apidra

A

Insulin Glulisine

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17
Q

Humalog

A

Insulin Lispro

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18
Q

Novolin R

A

Regular

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19
Q

Humulin N

A

NPH

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20
Q

Levemir

A

Insulin Detemir

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21
Q

What insulin can be mixed together?

A

NPH insulin (Humalin N and Novolin N) can be mixed with the short acting (Insulin Lispro, Insulin Aspart, Insulin Glulisine, Insulin Regular)

22
Q

Can you mix Humalin N with Humalog?

A

Yes

23
Q

Can you mix Novolin N with Lantus?

A

No

24
Q

Can you mix Novolin N with Novolog?

A

Yes

25
Q

Can you mix Humalin N with Insulin Aspart?

A

Yes

26
Q

Can you mix NPH with Levemir?

A

No

27
Q

Can you mix NPH with Apidra?

A

Yes

28
Q

Can you mix NPH and regular?

A

Yes

29
Q

Can you mix Humulin N with Humulin R?

A

Yes

30
Q

Can you mix Novolin N with Novolin R?

A

Yes

31
Q

Can you mix Novolin N with Insulin glargine?

A

No

32
Q

Can you mix Humulin N with insulin detemir?

A

No

33
Q

Can you mix Humulin N with Novolin R?

A

Yes

34
Q

What is the cloudy insulin?

A

NPH

35
Q

Is Humalin N clear or cloudy?

A

Cloudy

36
Q

Is Humalin R clear or cloudy?

A

Clear

37
Q

Is Novolin R clear or cloudy?

A

Clear

38
Q

Is Novolin N clear or cloudy?

A

Cloudy

39
Q

What is the most common and serious adverse effect of all insulin?

A

Hypoglycemia

40
Q

Why does hypoglycemia occur when taking insulin?

A

It occurs when insulin levels exceed insulin needs. So insulin takes care of the glucose in our body. When we have too much insulin then we “take care of” too much glucose and that causes our blood sugar to go down so we get hypoglycemia

41
Q

What happens when glucose levels fall rapidly?

A

Activation of SNS so tachycardia, palpation, sweating, and nervousness

42
Q

What happens when glucose levels fall gradually?

A

Symptoms limited to lose of CNS origin

Mild CNS symptoms are headache, confusion, fatigue, drowsiness

43
Q

What is lipohypertrophy?

A

Accumulation of SQ fat

44
Q

Why does lipohypertrophy occur?

A

Occurs when insulin is injected too frequently at the same site (fat accumulates because insulin stimulates fat synthesis)

45
Q

Explain why injection sites for insulin must be rotated?

A

Rates of absorption vary among sites, patients should make all injection sites into the same general site..to reduce the risk of lipohypertrophy, injections within the chosen area should be made in DIFFERENT SPOTS preferably about ONE INCH apart. Ideally, each spot should be used ONLY ONCE A MONTH

46
Q

Where should unopened vials of insulin be stored and how long are they good for?

A

In the refrigerator, DO NOT FREEZE, and can be used up to the expiration date on the vial

47
Q

Where should current use vials be stored and how long are they good?

A

Kept at room temp, out of direct sunlight or extreme heat; can be kept up to a month!

Partially filled vials should be discarded after several weeks if left unused

48
Q

Injecting insulin at room temp causes ____ and reduces the risk of ____

A

Less pain, reduces risk of lipodystrophy

49
Q

Mixtures of insulin in prepared vials are good for ___ if stored at room temp.

A

One month

50
Q

Mixtures of insulin in prepared vials are good for ___ if refrigerated.

A

3 months

51
Q

How should mixtures of profiled syringes (plastic or glass) be stored and how long are they stable for?

A

Stored in refrigerator vertically with the needle pointing up to prevent clogging; they will be stable for at least 1 WEEK, perhaps 2.

52
Q

What should be done before administrating a mixture in a profiled syringe?

A

Agitate the syringe gently to resuspend the insulin

Melissa's Pharm 2 (32 decks)

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