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Periodontology > Systemic factors > Flashcards

Systemic factors Flashcards

1
Q

what factors do we know of that cause periodontal disease

A

host immune response, local and systemic factors, and bacterial plaque

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2
Q

what are contributing systemic risk factors

A

conditions, habits, or disease that increase an individuals susceptibility to periodontal infection

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3
Q

system factors ____ or ______ the host response

A

modifies or amplifies

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4
Q

what is the number one factor that most affects progression of perio

A

tobacco

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5
Q

what are a few systemic risk factors?

A
  1. tobacco use
  2. diabetes
  3. ostoporosis
  4. hormone alterations
  5. AIDS
  6. leukemia
  7. obesity
  8. genetics
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6
Q

what are the three types of diabetes

A
  1. type 1-insulin dependent
  2. type 2-non-insulin dependent
  3. gestational-occurs during pregnancy
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7
Q

individuals with ____ or ____ diabetes are more likely to have perio disease than people without disease

A

un-diagnosed or uncontrolled

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8
Q

T/F: patients with well-controlled diabetes have a better chance of perio disease than persons without diabetes

A

False: the risk is the same

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9
Q

perio disease is considered the ___ complication of unctrolled diabetes

A

6th

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10
Q

people with uncontrolled or poorly controlled blood glucose levels have an increased risk for developing what?

A
  1. acute periodontal abcesses
  2. bone loss
  3. more sugar in gingival crevicular fluid
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11
Q

what effects does poorly controlled diabetes have on the periodontium?

A
  1. reduced PMN function and defective chemotaxis
  2. Higher levels of PGE2
  3. AGE (excessive formation of accumulated glycation end products)
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12
Q

characteristics of AGE

A
  1. derived from reaction of glucose and proteins
  2. collagen is less likely to be repaired or made
  3. AGE may contribute to chronic health complications
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13
Q

oral signs of diabetes

A
  1. xerostomia
  2. burning tongue
  3. present with periodontal abscesses
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14
Q

is diabetes well controlled if the blood glucose levels are stabilized within the recommended range?

A

yes

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15
Q

what is leukemia

A

cancer of the blood forming tissue

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16
Q

oral manifestations of leukemia

A

ulcerations, palatal petechiae, fiery red gingival tissues

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17
Q

define NUG and NUP

A

NUG: tissue necrosis limited to gingiva
NUP: usually an indication of severe immune suppression

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18
Q

what is LGE? response to periodontal instrumentation?

A

Linear Gingival Erthema: 2-3 mm red band along gingival margin
-does NOT response to perio instrumentation and daily oral hygiene

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19
Q

what species is associated with LGE

A

candida

20
Q

LGE has reduced ____ and ____ and increased numbers of IgG plasma cells and PMNs

A

T-cells and macrophages

21
Q

T/F: osteoporosis initates tissue destruction and aggravate the progression of perio disease

A

False: it does not initiate tissue destruction

22
Q

when can changes in hormone alterations occur?

A
  • puberty
  • pregnancy
  • menopause
  • birth control pill
23
Q

increased in hormones causes ____ blood circulation to gingival tissues

A

increased

24
Q

puberty has an association with what?

A

serum levels of testosterone, estrogen, and progesterone and prevotella intermedia, P nigrescens and capnocytophaga species which causes increased bleeding and inflammation

25
Q

is it possbile for pre-existing gingivations to cause increased inflammation during menstruation?

A

yes

26
Q

when is progesterone highest?

A

before menstruation

27
Q

exaggerated response to ____ amounts of plaque during pregnancy. what patients does this occur in?

A

small

-occurs in patients who have gingivitis before becoming pregnant

28
Q

liklihood of gingivitis increases in ____ month when circulating hormones related to pregnancy increase in bloodstream

A

2nd month

29
Q

incidence of gingivitis is highest in ___ month when circulating hormones peak

A

8th month

30
Q

prevotella intermedia causes elevated levels of what, suppresses what, and what is depressed?

A
  • elevated progesterone and estrogen levels
  • suppresses immune response
  • No PMN and chemotaxis and phagocytes depressed
31
Q

what is pyogenic granuloma?

A

pregnancy tumor

32
Q

does the pregnancy tumor go away after baby is born?

A

yes

33
Q

when is it safest to treat someone who is pregnant?

A

2nd trimester

34
Q

is it possible for the oral bacteria to be passed cross the placenta and harm the fetus?

A

yes

35
Q

T/F: pregnant women with periodontal disease are not as likely to have a premature delivery

A

false they are 7 times more likely to have a premature baby

36
Q

____ plays a role in periodontal inflammation and in regulating onset of labor

A

prostaglandin E2

37
Q

research shows that there is no relationship with _____ being used today and increased gingivitis

A

low dose contraceptive

38
Q

should women with aggressive periodontitist take the pill?why?

A

no because it might lead to more advanced disease

39
Q

individuals with defective PMN production have increased susceptibility to recurrent bacterial infections such as:

A
  1. oral ulcerations
  2. gingivitis
  3. periodontitist
40
Q

T/F: Il-1-genotype is a stronger risk factor than smoking

A

False. smoking is

41
Q

xerostomia can cause?

A
  1. oral candadiasis
  2. root surface caries
  3. excess plaque
42
Q

drugs with xeriostomia effects?

A
  1. antihypertensives
  2. narcotic analgescis
  3. diuretics
  4. tranquilizers
  5. sedatives
  6. antimetabolites
43
Q

gingival fibroblasts overproduce collagen matrix when stimulated by gingival inflammation. This is side effects of what?

A
  1. anticonsulsants
  2. immunosuppressants
  3. calcium channel blockers
44
Q

phenytoin effects are commonly seen where?

A

seen in facial aspect of maxillary

45
Q

examples of drugs for:

  1. anticonsultants
  2. immunosuppressive
  3. calcium channel blocker
A
  1. phenytoin
  2. cyclosporine
  3. nifedipine
46
Q

can gingival overgrowth be removed? does it come back?

A

yes with lasers

reoccurs within 1-2 years even in the presence of good plaque control

Periodontology (28 decks)

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