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Periodontology > Diseases of the Gingiva > Flashcards

Diseases of the Gingiva Flashcards

1
Q

T/F: if one area of the tooth is bleeding it is not gingivitist

A

false; it is gingivitist

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2
Q

why do we classify the patient as health, gingivitis, or perio?

A

to communicate clinical findings, formulate treatment plan, predict treatment outcomes

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3
Q

what are the two categories of gingival diseases

A
  1. dental plaque induced

2. non-plaque induced

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4
Q

what are some of the main categories of periodontitist

A
  1. chronic perio
  2. aggressive perio
  3. manifestation of systemic diseases
  4. endodontic lesions
  5. developmental or acquired deformities or conditions such as occlusal trauma
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5
Q

Bacterial species elevated in gingivitist

A
  1. Gram + Rods: actinomyces naeslundii III
  2. Gram + Cocci: streptococcus anginosis and sanguis
  3. Gram - Rods: Campylobacter consisus
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6
Q

characteristics common to all gingival diseases

A
  • signs of inflammation
  • no attachment loss
  • plaque biofilm initiates the inflammation
  • inflammation reversible
  • may progress to perio if untreated
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7
Q

plaque-induced gingivitist characteristics

A
  • most common form
  • bleeding upon probing
  • damage reversible
  • no attachment loss in gingivitis
  • radiographs reveal no changes in the height of bone
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8
Q

what is it when patients who have been successfully treated for perio come back at a later date and the patient develops gingivitis and periodontitist is not present

A

plaque-induced gingivitis on a reduced, but stable periodontium

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9
Q

characteristics of plaque-induced gingivitis on a reduced, but stable periodontium

A
  • pre-existing bone loss from previous perio
  • plaque at gingival margin
  • bleeding upon probing/inflammation
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10
Q

what is pre-implant gingivitis

A
  • gingival inflammation around a dental implant

- similar findings to plaque-induced gingivitis

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11
Q

3 main categories of gingival diseases with modifying factors

A
  1. systemic factors
  2. medications
  3. malnutrition
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12
Q

examples of systemic gingivitis and characteristics

A
  1. puberty: signs of inflammation seem exaggerated in relation to the amount of plaque present
  2. pregnancy: exaggerated inflammatory response during 2nd and 3rd trimesters
  3. Leukemia: exaggerated inflammatory response to plaque resulting in increased bleeding and tissue enlargement
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13
Q

what is pregnancy-associated pyogenic granuloma?

A
  • common in maxilla and interproximally
  • growths are not cancerous
  • exaggerated response to irritation
  • can occur anytime during pregnancy
  • growth regresses after giving birth
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14
Q

gingival diseases can be modified by what medications?

A
  1. phenytoin
  2. cyclosporine A
  3. certain calcium channel blockers
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15
Q

meticulous plaque control can reduce but _______ eliminate gingival overgrowth

A

will not

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16
Q

does gingival disease modified by medications have a higher prevalence in children or adults?

A

children

17
Q

where is enlargement first observed when taking medications?

A

at the interdental papilla

18
Q

what limits the severity of overgrowth?

A

good daily plaque control

19
Q

gingival diseases modified by malnutrition involve what nutrients?

A
  1. ascorbic acid deficiency-breakdown of collagen fibers
  2. B complex-for health mucosal tissues
  3. Vitamin A-maintains healthy sulcular epi cells
20
Q

treatment considerations for plaque-induced gingival diseases

A
  • patient ed
  • root debridement
  • correct local factors
  • surgical correction
  • reassess
21
Q

do non-plaque induced gingival lesions disappear when plaque is removed?

A

no, the lesions stay present

22
Q

what are gingival disease of specific bacterial origin?

A
  • neisseria gonorrhea-associated lesions
  • treponema pallidum-associated lesions
  • streptococcal species-associated lesions
23
Q

T/F: gingival diseases of specific bacterial origin are usually periodontal pathogens

A

False; they are not considered perio pathogens

24
Q

what are gingival diseases of viral origin?

A
  1. herpes virus infection
    - primary herpetic gingivostomatitist
    - recurrent oral herpes
    - varicella zoster infections
25
Q

characteristics of primary herpetic gingivostomatitist

A
  1. initial oral infection with the herpes simplex virus
  2. usually affects young children but may affect adults
  3. contagious infection
  4. vesicles rupture to form painful ulcers
  5. once infected, most people develop immunity to the virus
  6. in some individuals it can remain latent and be responsible to recurrent oral herpetic lesions (cold sores)
26
Q

symptoms of primary herpetic gingivostomatitist

A
  • fiery red marginal gingiva
  • painful
  • yellowish ulcers surrounded by red halo
  • fever
  • dehydration
27
Q

what are gingival diseases of fungal origin

A
  1. candida-species infections
  2. linear gingival erythema
  3. histoplasmosis
28
Q

where is gingival disease of fungal disease normally found?

A

under dentures

29
Q

where is histoplasmosis found in?

A

soil and caused by airbone

30
Q

what is a gingival lesion of genetic origin

A

hereditary gingival fibromatosis

31
Q

what is lichen planus

A

disease of the skin and mucous membranes that may be an allergic or immune reaction

32
Q

what is erythema multiforme

A

disorder of the skin and mucous membranes that has swollen lips with crest formation

33
Q

what are more gingival manifestations of systemic conditions

A
  1. allergic reactions to dental restorative materials or to toothpastes
34
Q

traumatic lesion:

A
  1. chemical injury=aspirin burns, smokeless tobacco
  2. physical injury=toothbrush, toothpicks
  3. thermal injury=hot pizza
35
Q

foreign body reactions:

A

popcorn kernel

Periodontology (28 decks)

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