Progression of Periodontal Disease Flashcards
what are the three basic states of periodontal disease
- health
- gingivitis
- periodontitist
what are the 4 basic structures of the periodontium?
- gingiva
- cementum
- PDL
- alveolar bone
is periodontal disease the same as periodontitis?
no
what are 2 types of periodontal disease?
- gingivitis
2. periodontitis
what is gingivitis?
a bacterial infection that is confined to the gingiva
4 components of the gingiva?
- free gingiva
- attached gingiva
- sulcular gingiva
- papillary gingiva
is tissue damage from gingivitis reversible or irreversible?
reversible
is tissue damage from periodontitis reversible or irreversible?
irreversible
describe the: color, papilla, sulcus depth, JE, alveolar bone, cementum, and PDL fibers are associated in the mouth during HEALTH
pink papilla is knife-like 1-3 mm depths JE is firmly attached with no rete pegs Alveolar bone is intact intact PDL fibers Cementum is normal
what is the biological width? what is the width supposed to be?
space on the tooth surface occupied by the JE and the connective tissue fibers
1-2 mm
when is gingivitis seen clinically?
4-14 days after plaque accumulation in the sulcus
Acute gingivitis time length
lasts for a short period of time
what is Acute gingivitis characterized by? is it edematous or fibrotic?
fluid in the gingival tissues
edematous
Chronic Gingivitis time length
duration of months and years
how does the body attempt to repair tissue damage in chronic gingivitis
by forming new collagen fibers in connective tissue
why does the tissue appear enlarged and fibrotic in chronic gingivitis?
due to more collagen fibers
what patients can be seen with chronic gingivitis -fibrotic
senior citizens and smokers
What patients can be seen with chronic gingivitis-edematous
adolescents
gingival enlargement results in ____ probe depths and may cause ___ pocketing
deeper probe depths
pseudo pocketing
what is the major difference between gingivitis and periodontitis?
the junctional epithelium has not migrated apically in gingivitis
T/F: gingivitis may persist for years without progressing to periodontitis
True
5 supragingival fibers
- Alvelogingival
- Dentoperiosteal
- Circular
- Transseptal
- Dentogingival
Describe the: color, papilla, bleeding, sulcus depths, JE, alveolar bone, and cementum during GINGIVITIS
red, papilla is bulbous or swollen, bleeding upon probing, probe depths greater than 3 mm, JE extends rete pegs down CT, Alveolar bone and cementum are normal
during perio, can the JE be maintained?
yes, but you cannot move it back
what do the supragingival fibers look like during perio
supragingival fiber bundles are fragments, but transseptal fibers regenerate continuously across the crest of bone
what is the body’s reaction to injury or invasion by disease-producing organisms?
inflammation
what happens to the bone height in perio?
reduction in bone height which can progress to tooth loss
in health and gingivitis, the rest of the alveolar bone is ____ mm apical to the CEJ
1-2 mm
two types of bone loss & which is more common
horizontal (more common) and vertical
horizontal bone loss produces a ___ pocket.
suprabony (pocket is above the bone)
vertical bone loss produces an _____ pocket
infrabony (pocket is below the bone)
why does the inflammation spread through path of least resistance?
the PDL is an effective barrier (dense CT)
what order are tissues destroyed when inflammation follows the CT sheaths in horizontal bone loss (4 steps)
- epithelium to CT
- supporting alveolar bone (cortical bone)
- alveolar bone proper (bundle bone)
- PDL fiber bundles
what can weaken crestal fibers in Vertical bone loss
occlusal trauma
what order are tissues destroyed when inflammation goes directly into the PDL space during vertical bone loss (5 steps)
- eptihelial to CT
- PDL fiber bundle
- Bundle bone
- Cancellous bone
- Cortical bone
what is furcation involvement?
occurs on multirooted teeth when the perio infection invades the area between and around the roots
T/F: a disease site must involve more than one surface of a tooth
False. it can involve only a single surface of a tooth
what is the difference between an inactive and active disease site?
inactive site is stable with the attachment level of the JE remaining the same over time
active site shows continued apical migration of the JE over time
T/F: a majority of adults have active pockets
False: most adults have inactive pockets
2 types of periodontal pockets
- gingival pocket
2. periodontal pocket
characteristics of gingival pocket
- no migration of the JE
- gingival enlargement which results in pseudo pocketing
- no destruction of the PDL fibers
characteristics of periodontal pockets
- apical migration of JE
- PDL and gingival fibers are destroyed
- bone loss
will you find recession in chronic gingivitis?
no
T/F: calculus deposits are not the cause of periodontal disease
true, bacteria is the cause of perio disease
if you have a one-wall intrabony defect, how many walls are remaining?
one
