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4th 1st Sem > SYSTEM ENG M1-2 > Flashcards

SYSTEM ENG M1-2 Flashcards

1
Q

What type of System?
– Solar System
– Satellite System
– Nervous System

A

Physical System

(Kasi nakikita)

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2
Q

Type of System:
– Religious System
– Gov System
– Social System

A

Philosophical System

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3
Q

Type of System:
– Thermal System
– Mechanical System
– Electrical System
– Biological System

A

– Dynamic System

(Moving)

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4
Q

A set of things interacting in a way that produces something greater than the sum of its parts

A

System

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5
Q

____ is:

– The whole (or set) that results
– Number of things are grouped
- Specific manner
– For particular reason (function)

A

System

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6
Q

In systems engineering, a _____ can be simply defined as A set of elements that interact to achieve a stated purpose

A

system

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7
Q

What are 3 Composition of a System? enumerate

A

– Components (Parts)
– Attributes (Properties)
– Relationships (Interactions)

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8
Q

In the composition of a system:

A ____ is the parts of a system

A

Components

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9
Q

In the composition of a system:

A _____ is the properties of the components and as a whole.

A

Attributes
(AKA characteristics, configurations, qualities, state)

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10
Q

In the composition of a system:

_____ is the interactions of the components

A

Relationships

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11
Q

A ______ is implied to the system of interest (SOI)

A

System Boundary

?

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12
Q

Read only:

Characteristics of a system:

A

– all systems have a PURPOSE
– all parts of a system have a FUNCTION
– the performance of a system is affected by how the parts are arranged
– systems attempt to maintain STABILITY

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13
Q

The purpose of the system is called ____

A

Mission

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14
Q

_____ Must:
– clearly staed by the business management and the stakeholders;
– represent the start point of the design process
– Provides the basis for the ultimate test (Validate, verify, and testing) of a system’s fitness for purpose

A

Mission

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15
Q

Complete the statement:

The mission of the system is to provide a ________ (1 word) to a ___________ (2 words)

A
  • Solution
  • Business Problem
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16
Q

True or False

The system’s Components, interactions, and boundaries are a result of a deliberate (intentional) design

Fill in the blanks:
… Thus, we call it ___________

A

True
Systems Engineering

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17
Q

True or False

A system must be managerially and operationally dependent

A

FALSE

(should be INDEPENDENT so as to procure and maintain independently)

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18
Q

Enumerate 4 Main classifications of systems:

A

– Closed / Open Systems
– Natural / Human-made / Human modified Systems
– Physical / Conceptual Systems
– Static / Dynamic Systems (Precedented / Unprecented Systems)

CNPS

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19
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

_____ INTERACTS with its operating ENVIRONMENT through inputs and output across the boundary

A

OPEN SYSTEM

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20
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

______ is ISOLATED (or has a very limited interaction) in its EXTERNAL ENVIRONMENT

A

closed system

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21
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

_____ contain natural elements and are result of a natural processes

A

Natural Systems

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22
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

_____ come into existence through the efforts of humans and may contain human made elements adapted to human designated purposes

A

Human-made systems

(sa ppt, Human modified systems pero baka typo)

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23
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

_____ are natural systems that have been modified

A

HUman - Modified Systems

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24
Q

Complete the statement:

We engineers must be interested in useful systems, which are _____

A

Open

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25
Q

True or False

We engineers must be interested interested in Human-made and Natural systems

A

false:
Human-made and modified systems.

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26
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

______ exist in physical form. They are composed of real components and consumes physical space

A

Physical Systems

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27
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

_____ do not have a physical form. symbols represent the attributes of components.

A

Conceptual Systems

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28
Q

True or False:

We engineers must be interested on both physical and conceptual systems

A

true

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29
Q

Conceptual systems only have ______ to represent the attribute of components

A

Symbols

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30
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

______ do not move, do not change states (quickly)

A

Static Systems

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31
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

_____ exhibit behaviors (motion of systems under some influence of force)

A

Dynamic Systems

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32
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

_________ is a system produced before

A

Precedented System

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33
Q

Under “Types of Systems”

_______ has not been preeviously produced and requires substantial research and development

A

Unprecedented System

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34
Q

True or False:

Systems Engineering is interested predominantly in unprecedented system

A

FALSE:
should be precedented systems (those which we know how to engineer)

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35
Q

True or false

A wide variety of combinations of the characteristics can lead to a small number of types of systems, each of which has different properties

A

FALSE:

must be LARGE number of types of systems

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36
Q

Multiple multiple choice

Systems engineering is applied to an:

______ (close or open?), _____ (physical or conceptual?) system that are _____ (natural or human made/modified?) from largely _______ (precedented or unprecedented?) elements

A

– open
– physical (also pwede rin daw conceptual)
– human-made/modified
– precedented

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37
Q

A system can be described as ______ describing:

what the system will do
how well it will do it
how it will be tested
under what conditions it will perform
what other systems will be involved in its operation

A

Logical (or functional) descriptions

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38
Q

A system can be described as ______ describing:

– what the systems are
– how they look, they manufactured, they are tested, they are integrated

A

Physical descriptions

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39
Q

Both the physical and logical descriptions of a system comprise a series of statements which are called _____

A

Requirements

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40
Q

True or false

Physical and logical descriptions work together, but one should come before the other

A

true

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41
Q

True or false

Upper-level trade-offs and feasibility analyses must be conducted at the “physical” level before deciding on the “logical” implementations

A

false.

logical level first before the physical implementations

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42
Q

True or false:

How we implement current “physical” system should not affect unnecessarily the way we might describe future systems

A

true

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43
Q

True or false

When establishing a system, we develop the “physical” descriptions first

A

false. must be logical desc first

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44
Q

true or false

A “physical” description is usually suited to the interface between systems engineering and the business case

A

false. must be logical

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45
Q

true or false

a “physical” desc changes faster. a “logical” description changes slowly

A

true

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46
Q

______ is an interdisciplinary approach encompassing the entire technical effort to evolve into a verify an integrated and lyfe-cycle balanced set of system peopl, product, and process solutions that satisfy customer needs.

A

Systems engineering

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47
Q

Read only:

Systems Eng encompasses:

a.) technical efforts related to the development, manufacturing, verification, deployment, operations, support, disposal of, and user training for system product and processes.

b.) definition and management of the system configuration

c.) translation of the system definition into work breakdown structure

d.) development of information for management decision making

A

noted

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48
Q

____ is an interdisciplinary collaborative approach to derive, evolve, and verify a life-cycle balanced system solution which satisfies customer expectations and meets public acceptability

A

Systems eng

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49
Q

Fill in the blanks

Systems Eng is an approach to translate operational needs and requirements into operationally sutiable blocks of systems. the approach shall cosist of a ________ iterative process of requirements analysis, fucntional analysis, and allocation.

A

Top-down

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50
Q

______ is a modern approach to systems engineering that uses models as the primary means of capturing, analysing, designing, and communicating the information and decisions associated with the development of complex systems

A

MBSE

model based systems engineering

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51
Q

True or false

System is sometimes synonymous to be a product in a physical sense

A

true

52
Q

True or false

– System delivers an operational capability not just products

A

true

53
Q

A ______ (in SE) is created through the proper and effective interaction of people, process, and technology. it realizes an ability that enables an organization to achieve their objectives.

A

Capability

54
Q

True or False:

We can consider a system to be hierarchical composition of its elements (either logical or physical)

A

true

55
Q

true or false:

in logical description. the system’s mission is broken down into a hierarchical structure of its major functions - to form a functional hierarchy or a functional architecture

A

true

56
Q

t or f

The physical hierarchy has simple 4-layer. arranged in this order

first layer: System
Second layer: Assemblies
Third layer: Components
4th layer: subsystem

A

False.

must be:
1 - system
2 - subsystem
3 - assemblies
4 - components

57
Q

Under “Generic System Life Cycle

______ is The phase where the idea for a system is generated as a result of business planning.

Business needs are confirmed and supported by a ________

A

– Pre-acquisition Phase [Example: Grab App Idea]
– Business Case

58
Q

4 Generic life cycle of SE

A

– Pre Acquisition Phase
– Acquisition Phase
– Utilization Phase
– Retirement Phase

59
Q

Under “Generic System Life Cycle”

_____ is a phase focused on bringing the system into being and into service of the organization

A

Acquisition Phase

60
Q

3 Requirements of the Acquisition Phase

A

Case: Grab App (To confirm)

– Business Requirements (Investments, who to employ, etc.)
– Stakeholder Requirements (Motor ng Driver, Wifi ng customer, etc.)
– System Requirements (Yung hinihingi talaga ng app before using the sysem: Valid ID, Plate number, driver’s license)

Case: Premiere Pro (or any heavy apps)
– Business Reqs (Investments, who to employ, etc.)
– Stakeholder Reqs (Working device)
– System Reqs (Minimum 50 GB computer, Updated Windows, Minimum Pixels.)

61
Q

Under “Generic System Life Cycle”

The system is operated and supported during the _____ phase. They also undergo number of modifications and upgrades

A

Utilization phase

62
Q

Under “Generic System Life Cycle”

______ phase could also be mark of another life cycle for the replacement system

A

Retirement Phase

63
Q

When will Utilization Phase move to Retirement phase?

A

– If business no longer need the system
– if the system can no longer meet the functions required of it by the org
– no longer cost-effective to keep it in service.

64
Q

True or False

The system life cycle engineering is applied predominantly on the activities of the pre-acquisition and utilization phases

A

False.

should be ACQUISITION and UTILIZATION phases

65
Q

Under “Generic System Life Cycle

The Operational Use and System Support take place in WHAT PHASE?

A

Utilization Phase

66
Q

Under “Generic System Life Cycle”

The conceptual design, preliminary design, detailed design & development, and construction/production take place in WHAT PHASE?

A

Acquisition Phase

67
Q

Under Acquisition Phase:

_______ is the formal transition from the business world to the project world; From the mission statement to complete logical description of the SOI.

It also establish proper definition of the business reqs

A

Conceptual Design

68
Q

Under Acquisition Phase; Conceptual Design:

______ is articulated and confirmed by the business management

A

BNR - Business needs and Requirements

69
Q

Under Acquisition Phase; Conceptual Design:

BMR Are elaborated by the stake holder at the business operations level into a set of ________

A

Stakeholder needs and Requirements

70
Q

Under Acquisition Phase; Conceptual Design:

SNR are elaborated by requirements engineers into system requirements in the ______

A

System Requirements Specifications
SyRS

71
Q

Under Acquisition Phase; Conceptual Design:

The BNR, SNR, and the SyRS are the key elements to establishing the _____

A

Fucntional Baseline (FBL)

72
Q

True or False

Functional Baseline (FBL) confirms the BNR, SNR, and SyRS, and provides a formal record of a design decisions and design acceptance (before moving to the next activity)

A

False ; SDR (Systems Design Review) instead of FBL

73
Q

Under Acquisition Phase; Conceptual Design:

SNR are elaborated by requirements engineers into system reuiqrements in the _____

A

SyRS - System Requirements Specifications (SyRS)

74
Q

Under Acquisition Phase; Conceptual Design:

The Conceptual Design ends with the ______

A

System Design and Review (SDR)

75
Q

Under Acquisition Phase; Preliminary Design:

In the ABL, we group logically the functions in the FBL into sublevel physical groupings which we call _____

A

Configuration Items (CI)

76
Q

Under Acquisition Phase

It converts the logical architecture of the initial FBL into descriptions of the physical subsystems that will meet system requirements

A

Preliminary Design

77
Q

The Preliminary Design is a subsystem design known as ___

A

Allocated Baseline (ABL)

78
Q

The Preliminary design phase completes with the _____

A

Preliminary Design Review (PDR)

79
Q

Under Acquisition Phase

_____ Uses Engineering disciplines to develop the individual subsystems, assemblies, and components in the system

A

Detailed Design & Development

80
Q

Under Acquisition Phase: Detailed Design & Development:

The Detailed Design & Development results in ____, as the system is now defined by numerous products (subsystem, assemblies, and components) as well as the materials and processes for manufacturing and construction.

A

Product Baseline (PBL)

81
Q

Under Acquisition Phase: Detailed Design & Development:

The review at the end of Detailed Design & Development is called ____.

It is also the final design review which results in the official acceptance of the design and the subsequent commencement of the construction/production

A

Critical Design Review (CDR)

82
Q

Under Acquisition Phase

It is the activitity where components are produced in accordance with the PBL specifications, and the system is ultimately constructed

A

Construction and/or Production

83
Q

Under Acquisition Phase; Construction and/or Production

This activity ends with _____

A

Formal Qualification Review (FQR)

84
Q

True or False

During the Utilization and Retirement Phase, Modifications may be necessary to rectify performance shortlfalls.

A

True

85
Q

Enumerate 11 Parties Involved in developing a system

A

– CustomersCustomer or End-User
– Project Manager
– Systems Engineers
– Design and Development Team
– Integration Team
– Operations and Maintenance Team
– Suppliers and Vendors
– Regulatory Bodies
– Stakeholder
– End-of-Life Team

86
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Role:
– defines the systems requirements, expectations, and constraints based on their needs

Involvement:
– Provides input during the requirement gathering phase, participates in reviews, and gives feedback during testing and validation phases

A

– CustomersCustomer or End-User

87
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Roles:
Oversees the entire project, ensuring that timelines, budgets, and resources are managed effectively

Involvement:
Coordinates between all parties manages risks, and ensures the project meets its objectives

A

Project Manager

88
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Roles:
Lead the design, integration, and management of complex systems throughout their life cycle

Involvement:
Engage in requirements analysis, system design, integration, verification, validation, and deployment

A

Systems Engineers

89
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Roles:
Engineers, Architects, and developers who design and build the system components

Involvement:
Work on detailed design, coding, prototyping, and creating technical documentation

A

Design and Development Team

90
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Roles:
– Ensure the system meets the defined requirements and is free of defects

Involvement:
– Conducts testing at various stages including unit testing, integration testing, system testing, and acceptance testing.

A

Test and Quality Assurance Team

91
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Roles:
– Integrates various subsystems and components into the final system

Involvement:
– Ensures compatibility between subsystems and performs integration testing

A

Integration Team

92
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Roles:
– Manages the system once it is deployed including monitoring, maintenance, and updates

Involvement:
– Engages in deployment, provides support, and ensures system availability and performance.

A

Operations and Maintenance Team

93
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Roles:
Provides hardware, software, or other system components

Involvement:
– Supply necessary materials or tools and may also provide technical support and warranties

A

Suppliers and Vendors

94
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Roles:
Ensure that the system complies with relevant laws, regulations, and standards

INvolvement:
Review and approve system designs, and conduct audits or inspections

A

Regulatory Bodies

95
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Roles:
Include individuals or organizations affected by the system but not directly involved in its development

Involvement:
may provide input during requirements gathering and feedback during testing and validation

A

Stakeholders

96
Q

Which Party is the MOST RESPONSIBLE during the Pre Acquisition Phase?

A

– Enterprise / Business Management

97
Q

Under Parties Involved in developing a system:

Roles:
manages the decommisioning of the system

Involvement:
Responsible for data migration, archiving, and disposal of system components in compliance with regulation

A

End-of-life Team

98
Q

The 2 Parties most responsible during the Acquisition Phase

A

– Project Management
– Systems Engineering

(take note of order)

99
Q

The Party MOST RESPONSIBLE during the Utilization Phase:

A

Operations

100
Q

True or False:

Each party is responsible for only one phase in the lifecycle of developing a system.

A

False.
All parties are involved in ALL stages in the lifecylce, with roles and responsibilities of each part shifting in emphasis between stages

101
Q

Type of Systems Engineering Process Models:

It is a linear and sequential approach where each phase (e.g. requirements, design, implementation, testing, deployment) is completed before the NEXT ONE begins.

A

– The Waterfall Model

Read only:
Best suited for projects that:
– Fixed Requirements / Little output variablity
– Specific Docs
– Well Understood technology

102
Q

Type of Systems Engineering Process Models:

– Where development stages are paired with corresponding testing stages.
– Its left side represents the DECOMPOSITION of requirements
– Its Right side represents the Integration and Validation

A

“V” Model

Sample Projects:
– Medical Devices (MRI)
– Automative (Autonomous) Systems
– Railway Signaling Systems
– Defense Systems
– Spacecraft Systems

103
Q

True or false:

In a V model:

– Its Left side represents the Integration and Validation
– Its Right side represents the DECOMPOSITION of requirements

A

False.
Right for first statment. Left for Second Statement

104
Q

Type of Systems Engineering Process Models:

– The model is well suited for projects where requirements are expected to evolve overtime, and where feedback and refinement are critical to achieving the desired outcomes.

– It emphasizes developing the system in small, manageable portions (iterations), allowing for continous improvement and adaptation based on stakeholder feedback.

A

Iterative Model
– Web apps
– E-Commerce
– Educ Tech systems
– Game Development

Advantage: Flexible, Continous Feedback
Disadvantage: Expensive due to repeated Iterations

105
Q

Type of Systems Engineering Process Models:

– Emphasizes iterative development
– Strong focus on risk management
– suited for complex, high risk, and where requirements are expected to evolve or be refined overtime
– 4 phases include Planning, Risk Analysis, Engineering, and Evaluation

A

The Spiral Model

Preferred Projects:
– Large scale software development (ERP)
– Advanced Defense Systems
– Machine learning Systems

Advantage: Strong focus on Risk management

Disadvantage: constly and Time consuming

106
Q

Type of Requirement Traceability:

_____ is required so that design decision can be traced from any given system - level requirement down to a detailed design decision

A

Forward Traceability

107
Q

Type of Requirement Traceability:

_____ describes any lower level requirement is associated with at least one higher level requirement

A

Backward traceability

108
Q

________ is described as the following:

– Assures the customer that all reqs can be accounted for in the design at any stage and that no unnecessary requiremnts are included.
– supports configuration management process

A

traceability

109
Q

______ is a feature of a top-down design, which guarantees that requiremnts can be satisfied at any stage.

A

Requirements traceability

110
Q

True or False:
Systems Engineering maintains a life-cycle focus as decisions are made

A

True

111
Q

True or false:
Requirements traceability is a feature of a bottom-up design, which guarantees that requirements can be satisfied at any stage.

A

False: it is a top-down design.

112
Q

True or False

Given that a system spends a majority of its life in the utilization, the life cycle cost (LCC) must be considered.

A

True

113
Q

True/Flase

ystems Engineering recognizes that the system must be designed with balance in mind

A

True.

Example:
Balance system performance w/ other factors such as social, cultural, and psychological effects, etc.

114
Q

True
Systems Engineering involve solely the engineering discipline

A

False.
– Can involve other disciplines as well such as finance; legal; etc.
– it is multidisciplinary & interdisciplinary

115
Q

What are the 3 factors inside the Related disciplines of the systems engineering framework

A

– Systems Engineering Processes
– Systems Engineering Management
– Systems Engineering Tools

116
Q

Under “SE Framework”

____ concentrates on the intent and main aim of each application of this foundation process.

it also emphasize the early acquisition phase activities

A

SE Processes

117
Q

Which phase in the life cycle is where systems engineering has the most impact?

A

Early Acquisition Phase Activities

118
Q

Under “SE Framework”

It oversees the systems engineering processes and plays a role in monitoring, directing, controlling, and reporting.

A

SE Management

119
Q

Under “SE Framework”

what is the most critical part of the SE Framework?

A

SE Management

— That is why it is centrally placed in the framework

120
Q

Under “SE Framework”

— they are the tools available to help managers and process people.
— Tools range from techniques and processes through information system to standards

A

SE Tools

121
Q

It is a type of SE Tool that include popular engineering standards and capability maturity models

A

Management tools

122
Q

It is a type of SE Tool that include requirement management systems, and assorted analysis, synthesis, and evaluation tools

A

Process tools

123
Q

Systems Engineering relies on the continual application of the simple problem-solving process of _____, ______, and _____.

A

— analysis
— synthesis
— evaluation

124
Q

Which among the 3 (Synthesis, Analysis, and Evaluation?)

— It commences with perceived need for the system.
— It continues throughout the acquisition phase
— Where development of formal requirements takes place.
— describes what the system will do and how well it will do

A

Analysis

125
Q

Which among the 3 (Synthesis, Analysis, and Evaluation?)

— It is the DESIGN and CREATION function
— describes how we can achieve the purpose and performance of a system

A

Synthesis

126
Q

Which among the 3 (Synthesis, Analysis, and Evaluation?)

– performed to investigate tradeoffs between requirements and design, consider alternatives, and make decisions.
– Its ouput is the selection or confirmation of design
— may result in a set of discrepancies

A

Evaluation

4th 1st Sem (16 decks)

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