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4th 1st Sem > GEP M1-4 PRELIMS > Flashcards

GEP M1-4 PRELIMS Flashcards

1
Q

Refers to concern for the environment, specifically
actions or advocacies to limit the negative impacts of man to the environment

A

Environmentalism

Keyword: LIMIT… MAN

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2
Q

[Environmentalism or Ecologism?]

Born out of ecological thought but stunted on its rootedness

A

Environmentalism

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3
Q

[Environmentalism or Ecologism?]

Focuses on shallow advocacies

A

Environmentalism

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4
Q

A new political ideology based on the position that the non-human world is worthy of moral consideration

A

Ecologism

Key-word: NON-HUMAN

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5
Q

[Environmentalism or Ecologism?]

Defends radical reform of society, zero economic growth and a reduction of population, and the protection of nature against every
form of irreversible destruction

A

Ecologism

keyword RADICAL

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6
Q

[Environmentalism or Ecologism?]

Focuses on the partnership between human and nature

A

Ecologism

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7
Q

[Environmentalism or Ecologism?]

It takes to account that man is only “part” of the ecology of life

A

Ecologism

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8
Q

True or False

One of the criticism of Ecologism is it is too ideal, majority of the people cannot build a utopic society

A

True

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9
Q

True or False

We cannot deny the industrial man

A

True

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10
Q

True or False

People can adopt to deep rooted ecologism

A

False. Because we cannot deny the industrial man

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11
Q

_____% of the population is still relying in industrialization

A

50%

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12
Q

True or False

One of the possible solutions to help the environment is to promote a balance and meaningful ecologism

A

False.

promote a balance and meaningful “environmentalism”

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13
Q

Definition of _____:

  • Has a wide range of definitions, meanings and interpretations.
  • Nature
  • Related to notion of wilderness and of pristine landscapes that have not yet influenced by human activities
A

Environment

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14
Q

It is the process which all people and communities come to experience an increasingly common economic, social and cultural environment. A process that affects everybody throughout the world.

A

Globalization

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15
Q

True or False

Some recognizes ecologism as a continuing process which advance global technological development and communications has also negative impacts on the balance

A

False.

Globalization instead of Ecologism

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16
Q

True or False

Globalization has improved the quality of life in several developing nations

A

True

such as Transportation system, and
accessibility to services like education and healthcare.

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17
Q

True or False

Globalization has a short-lived impact on the environment.

A

False.

Lasting Impact

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18
Q

ENUMERATE:

4 lasting impact of Globalization on the environment:

A

– Increased transport of goods
– Economic Specialization
– Decreased Biodiversity
– Increased Awareness

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19
Q

It deals specifically about environmental problems in a global context.

A

Global Environmental Politics

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20
Q

GLOBAL ENVIRONMENTAL POLITICS deals specifically about environmental problems in a global context, such as (Give 4)

A
  • International treaties
  • Climate change
  • The ozone layer
  • International environmental NGOs
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21
Q

The increased transport of goods can impact the environment in 3 different ways, such as:

A

– Increased Emissions
– Habitat Destruction
– Invasive Species

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22
Q

________ Open businesses which they can sell goods and source labor, raw materials and components. Finished products travel farther now, halfway around the world.

A

Increased Transport of Goods

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23
Q

True or False

The more fuel is consumed, the lesser greenhouse gas emissions

A

False. Greater GHG

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24
Q

Defition of _____:

One over-looked side effect of globalization is that it allows nations and geographical regions to focus on economic strength – often boost productivity and efficiency

A

Economic Specialization

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25
Q

3 Impacts of Economic Specialization [Over specialization] that affects the environment

A

– Illegal Deforestation
– Overfishing in coastal areas
– Overdependence on cash crops

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26
Q

Increased greenhouse gas emissions, ocean acidification, deforestation, climate change and the
introduction of invasive species all contributed to the reduction of _____ around the globe

A

biodiversity

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27
Q

On _______ – UN General Assembly adopted the UN
Millenium Declaration – called for a global partnership
to reduce extreme poverty

A

September 2000

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28
Q

______ is the First ever quantifiable targets to be agreed upon by all UN
member states

A

Millenium Development Goals

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29
Q

Former UN SecGen ______ established the eight (8) objectives – deadline set in _____.

A

– Kofi Annan
– 2015

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30
Q

Former UN SecGen Kofi Annan established the eight (8) objectives – deadline set in 2015, which are:

A

*Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger
* Achieve universal primary education
* Promote gender equality and empower women
* Reduce child mortality
* Improve maternal health
* Combat HIV-AIDS, malaria and other diseases
* Ensure environmental sustainability
* Develop a global partnership for development

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31
Q

True or False

One of the specific targets set out by the SDGs has been both regionally and thematically
unbalanced

A

False.

MDG instead of SDG

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32
Q

MDG follows a ______ approach. choosing some but not all. Attributed that the MDGs only applied to countries of the Global South

A

Piecemeal

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33
Q

_____ Definition:

Uniformly applicable to all countries – removing developing vs developed dichotomy

A

Sustainable Development Goals

34
Q

______ is focused on a global development with and for sustainability – demonstrate an understanding that ______ is not an add-on or opposition to
sustainable development but rather the base that
underpins all other goals

A

– SDG
– Environment

35
Q

True or False

SDG Empowers non-state actors to act

A

True

36
Q

True or False

The monitoring kf SDG will be focused at the remote provinces where great amount of implementation and monitoring
will occur

A

False. Should monitor national level, cities and
urban areas

37
Q

3 Challenges of SDG

A
  • Missing out on integration potential
  • Data and monitoring challenges
  • Financing and North-South divide
38
Q

What should we aim to be (Para ma-achieve ang meaningful environmentalism)

A

Ecological Man

39
Q

The opposite of ecological Man

A

INdustrial Man

40
Q

It is a sub-field of Political Science which deals with the
convergence of international political and economic forces

A

International political economy (IPE)

41
Q

is also responsible for giving the most mainstream
discussion on Globalization

A

International political economy (IPE)

42
Q

____ became the major basis of
defining Globalization

A

Economic globalization

43
Q

___ is often associated with Western liberalism

A

Globalization

44
Q

Powerful nations having dominant ______. These control global markets and they are representatives of the interests of their home nations

A

multi-national
corporations (MNCs)

45
Q

In the era of ______, there is no denying
about the value of global trade, investment and finance

A

economic globalization

46
Q

True or False

International economic relationships have important
implications for natural environment. These can contribute to environmental problems or
solutions

A

true

47
Q

Positive benefit of International economic relationships?

A

Environmental benefits being attached to the economic growth that global economic transactions seek to facilitate

48
Q

Negatives of International economic relationships?

A

It is important that environmental policies do
“restrict” global economic transactions

49
Q

Around_____ (what year?), debates between global
political economy and the environment erupted
in full force

A

1990s

50
Q

There has been a long standing and heated debate over the impact of trade to the environment.

What are the 2 different perspectives?

A

– NEOCLASSICAL (focuses on supply and demand
as the driving forces of production)
– ECOLOGICAL ECONOMISTS (Social metabolism has damaging impact)

51
Q

Whose perspective?
- Social metabolism has damaging impact
* Ex. Shifting of industrial countries from
biomass energy to fossil fuels (India, China
and Brazil)

A

Ecological Economists

52
Q

Mechanisms of global governance that deal
with trade and environmental issues include
__________ as well as _________

A

– international agreements on trade
– international environmental agreements

53
Q

Whose perspective?

trade has positive environmental implications related to efficiency BUT trade restrictions can lead to the domestic UNDERPRICING of resources which encourages their OVERUSE

A

NEOCLASSICAL

54
Q

HOW MANY countries took global action plan to tackle climate change

A

195 countries

55
Q

It Gives the world a framework for avoiding
dangerous impacts of climate change

A

Paris agreement (2015)

56
Q

REASONS why Paris Agreement is good for
economies:
* Climate action could produce $_____
globally in economic benefits thru low
* Climate related disasters cost nearly $___ trillion
over the past 2 decades

A

– $26 trillion
– $2.3 trillion

57
Q

REASONS why Paris Agreement is good for
economies:
Can create how many million new jobs?

A

24 M

58
Q

REASONS why Paris Agreement is good for
economies:

Subsidizing the fossil fuel industry up to $____trillion

A

5 trillion

59
Q

true or false

Climate action under the Paris Agreement can drive sustainable economic growth

A

true

60
Q

Enumerate 7 REASONS why Paris Agreement is good for economies:

A

– Climate action could produce $26 trillion
globally in economic benefits thru low carbon economy
– Can create 24 million new jobs
* Climate related disasters cost nearly $2.3 trillion
over the past 2 decades
* Air pollution poses a huge financial burden
* Subsidizing the fossil fuel industry up to $5 trillion
* Investors wanted the governments to act now
* Climate action under the Paris Agreement can drive sustainable economic growth

61
Q

what policy?

to facilitate the attainment and maintenance of rational and orderly balance between socio-economic development and environmental protection

A

PD no. 1586 or Environment Impact Assessment System

62
Q

Considered as expansion of the real freedoms and capabilities

A

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

63
Q

Allow liberties to expand such as economic growth, increased personal income, technological progress/modernization

A

HUMAN DEVELOPMENT

64
Q

Attention has been also given to the role of natural resources and the environment – pointed out that “environment as a limit to
____”

A

economic growth

65
Q

The effects of economic growth and development on the environmental quality has ____ relation

A

opposite causal

66
Q

Too much carbon in the atmosphere and to the ocean waters – it increases the ____, that cause the planet to become
warmer than normal.

A

greenhouse effect

67
Q

Causes: burning of fossil fuels, deforestation, and industrial activities which results to climate disruption

A

AIR POLLUTION AND CLIMATE CHANGE

68
Q

4 solutions to air pollution and climate change?

A

– Replacing FF with RE, reforestation,
– reducing emissions from agriculture,
– change in industrial processes

69
Q

Occurs when forests are being converted to non-forest uses – road construction and agriculture.

A

Deforestation

70
Q

According to FAO, forests cover ___% of the world area (2020) – about half before agriculture started around ____ years ago

A

– 31%
– 11,000

71
Q

What can be the solution to deforestation?

A

Conservation that needs to have strong governance

72
Q

According to UN, it estimates that about ____ hectares of land are degraded

A

12 million

73
Q

Solution to Soil Degradation?

A

Conservation and restoration,
– from no-till agriculture (valuable in drought-
prone areas)
– to crop rotation
– to water-retention through terrace-building

74
Q

_______ called for a global partnership to reduce extreme poverty

A

UN Millenium Declaration

74
Q

_____ adopted the UN Millenium Declaration called for a global partnership to reduce extreme poverty

A

UN General Assembly

75
Q

First ever quantifiable targets to be agreed upon by all UN member states

A

Millenium Development Goals (2000-2015)

76
Q

Piecemeal Approach. Attributed that the MDGs only applied to countries of the ___

A

Global South

77
Q

SDG Focused on a global development with and for sustainability – demonstrate an understanding that ____ is not an add-on or opposition to sustainable development but rather the base that
underpins all other goals

A

environment

78
Q

what year is the paris agreement?

A

2015

79
Q

It is a process that affects everybody throughout the world

A

Globalization

80
Q

Some recognizes this as a continuing process which advance global
technological development and communications has also negative impacts on
the balance

A

Globalization

81
Q

the process which all people and communities come to experience an increasingly common economic, social and cultural environment

A

Globalization

4th 1st Sem (16 decks)

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