Synovial Fluid Flashcards
Synoviocytes secrete
Hyaluronic acid, a large molecule that produces the viscosity of the fluid
Damage to the joints produces
Arthritis
Normal color of synovial fluid
Colorless to pale yellow
Detects and measures the hyaluronic acid, thus also viscosity
Mucin clot test
Addition of __________ to normal synovial fluid will form a firm mucin clot surrounded by a clear liquid
Acetic acid.
Addition of acetic acid to a questionable fluid identifies it as synovial fluid if a clot forms.
Diluting fluid used in synovial fluid cell counts
Normal saline
In differential, incubate synovial fluid with ______ before slide preparation
Hyaluronidase
Primary cells in synovial fluid are _____________, followed by __________ at less than 25% and ___________ at less than 15% and occasional ___________.
Monocytes and macrophages;
Neutrophils;
Lymphocytes;
Synoviocytes.
Primary crystals seen in gout
Monosodium urate
Primary crystals seen in pseudogout
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate
Crystals identified using
Polarized and compensated polarized light
Monosodium urate crystal description
- Needle-shaped.
2. Strongly birefringent under polarized light.
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals description
Rhombic, often seen intracellularly in neutrophil vacuoles (phagocytized monosodium urate crystals puncture the cell membrane)
Blue when aligned with the slow vibration of compensated polarized light and yellow when vertical to the slow vibration.
Calcium pyrophosphate dihydrate crystals
Yellow when aligned with the slow vibration of compensated polarized light and blue when vertical to the slow vibration.
Monosodium urate crystals.
