Fecal Analysis

Question 1

The ___________ receives the digestive products and water from the digestive process.

Answer 1

Large intestine

Question 2

Much of the water is reabsorbed. Additional water results in _________, and too little water produces __________.

Answer 2

Diarrhea; constipation.

Question 3

Type of diarrhea caused by bacterial, viral, or protozoan infection; fecal WBCs are seen in the stool.

Answer 3

Secretory diarrhea

Question 4

Type of diarrhea caused by incomplete breakdown or reabsorption in the small intestine and retention of water in the large intestine.

Answer 4

Osmotic diarrhea.

Question 5

Final digestion of food takes place in the ___________ with the aid of enzymes from the ________ and bile salts from the __________.

Answer 5

Small intestine;
Pancreas;
Liver.

Question 6

Brown feces

Answer 6

Normal, caused by urobilin

Question 7

Black feces

Answer 7

Upper GI bleeding, iron therapy, and antacids

Question 8

Red feces

Answer 8

Lower GI bleeding, food coloring

Question 9

Pale yellow / white feces

Answer 9

Bile duct obstruction, barium tests

Question 10

Bulky, frothy stool

Answer 10

Bile duct obstruction, steatorrhea

Question 11

Blood streaked mucus stool

Answer 11

Colitis, dysentery, malignancy

Question 12

Fecal leukocytes detects

Answer 12

Invasive non-toxin-producing microorganisms

Question 13

Muscle fibers detects

Answer 13

Undigested striated fibers seen with pancreatic insufficiency

Question 14

Fiber: no visible striation

Answer 14

Digested fiber

Question 15

Striations are only in one direction

Answer 15

Partially digested fibers

Question 16

Vertical and horizontal fibers visible

Answer 16

Undigested fibers.

*only undigested fibers are counted.

Question 17

Qualitative fecal fats is used for

Answer 17

Monitoring of malabsorption disorders

Question 18

Neutral fats (triglyceride) stain easily with

Answer 18

Sudan III in alcohol

Question 19

Soaps, fatty acids and cholesterol require

Answer 19

Application of heat to the slide

Question 20

Screening for colorectal cancer

Answer 20

Occult blood

Question 21

FOBT uses the _______________ of hemoglobin with ____________ as the indicator

Answer 21

Pseudoperoxidase activity; gum guiac

Question 22

FOBT: patients must follow dietary instructions avoiding meat, fish, vegetables taht contain

Answer 22

Pseudoperoxidase, aspirin, and vitamin C

Question 23

Immunologic FOBT (iFOBT) use _________ that are specific for the globin portion of the hemoglobin

Answer 23

Antihuman hemoglobin antibodies

Question 24

Detects lower GI bleeding, which is more indicative of colorectal cancer.

Answer 24

iFOBT.

Blood from upper GI bleeding degrades before reaching the large intestine.

Question 25

How to confirm a negative FOBT

Answer 25

Two of three negative

Question 26

Quantitative fecal fats require collection of __________ and maintenance of a ________ diet.

Answer 26

A timed 3-day specimen;

100 g/day fat diet

Question 27

Testing methods for quantitative fecal fats

Answer 27

Titration, acid steatocrit test, and near-infrared reflectance spetrophotometry

Question 28

Differentiates pancreatic steatorrhea from non-pancreatic causes of steatorrhea

Answer 28

Elastase I, a pancreatic-specific enzyme measured by immunoassay using monoclonal antibodies against human pancreatic elastase I

Question 29

Increased fecal carbohydrates is caused by

Answer 29

Failure to reabsorb carbohydrates (celiac disease)

or lack of digestive enzymes (lactose intolerance)

Question 30

Common screening test for fecal carbohydrates

Answer 30

Clinitest, followed by carbohydrate intolerance tests

Question 31

Can be used to test infant diarrhea

Answer 31

Stool pH. Normal is 7 to 8. pH levels below 5.5 indicate carbohydrate disorders.

Question 32

Positive result for FOBT

Answer 32

Blue color - oxidized guiac