Synaptic Transmission Flashcards
Which areas make up the brainstem?
The hindbrain and the midbrain.
Which area includes the symmetrical halves known as cerebral hemispheres?
The forebrain.
What is the cortex?
The outer covering of the cerebral hemispheres.
What does the CNS include?
- The brain.
- The spinal cord.
What does the PNS include?
All nerves that exit the brain and spinal cord, carrying sensory and motor messages to other parts of the body.
What do sensory neurons do?
Carry signals from the outer parts of your body into the central nervous system.
What do interneurons do?
Connect various neurons within the brain and spinal cord.
What do motor neurons do?
Carry signals from the central nervous system to the outer parts of your body.
What are the two main types of cells in your nervous system?
- Neurons.
- Glial cells.
What are the different types of glia?
- Oligodendrocytes (provide support to the axons of neurons).
- Astrocytes (maintain the environment around synapses and modulate how neurons communicate).
- Schwann (form the myelin sheath).
What is anterograde transport?
Movement from the cell body.
What is retrograde transport?
Movement to the cell body.
What is the purpose of the cell membrane?
It forms a barrier between the inside of the cell from the outside environment.
What allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly?
Myelin sheath
What is multiple sclerosis?
- It is the most common demyelinating disease of the CNS.
- Your immune system attacks the myelin sheath or the cells that produce and maintain it.
- Resulting in impairments in neuronal communication, leading to muscle weakness, numbness and vision problems.
