Revision slides Flashcards
What does an axon do?
Transmits signals/carries messages to other neurons.
What do dendrites do?
Recieve signals
What do terminal buttons do?
Release neurotransmitters and transmit signals to other neurons.
What does the myelin sheath do?
- Insulates the axon.
- Speeds up signal transmission along the axon.
Where is the hippocampus found?
In the temporal lobe below the cerebral cortex.
What is the hippocampus?
A brain structure that plays a critical role in memory.
What do sensory neurons do?
Carry signals from the outer parts of your body into the central nervous system.
What do interneurons do?
Connect various neurons within the brain and spinal cord.
What do motor neurons do?
Carry signals from the central nervous system to the outer parts of your body.
What is the soma?
The cell body.
What allows electrical impulses to transmit quickly?
Myelin sheath.
What is non-declarative memory?
- Procedural.
- Habit/muscle memories.
What is episodic memory?
- Memory for specific events.
- Personal experiences.
What is semantic memory?
General facts and knowledge.
What is retrograde amnesia?
Cannot recall long-term memories formed during a period before trauma.
What is anterograde amnesia?
Cannot form new memories after brain damage.
What tasks are used to test retrograde memory?
- Famous faces test.
- Autobiographical memory interviews.
What tasks are used to test anterograde memory?
Recall and recognition tests with words and pictures.
What is long-term memory?
The capacity to store information over long periods of time.
Are medial temporal lobes required for short-term or working memory?
No
Are medial temporal lobes required for converting short-term memories into long-term memories (consolidation)?
Yes
Are medial temporal lobes the ultimate storage site for long-term memory of all previously acquired knowledge?
No
What does the bony labyrinth receive inputs about?
- Position of the head in space.
- Angular acceleration of the head.
What is the most common type of sensorineural hearing loss?
- Tinnitus.
- It is due to damage to cochlear hair cells.
What is the most common type of conductive hearing loss?
- Otosclerosis.
- It is due to abnormal growth of the bone in the ossicles.
