Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Biological Psychology > Motivation > Flashcards

Motivation Flashcards

You may prefer our related Brainscape-certified flashcards:
Psychology 101 flashcards GRE® Psychology flashcards AP® Psychology flashcards
1
Q

What did Ekmans pan-cultural facial display theory find?

A

Participants who had extensive exposure to Western culture and participants from isolated populations were all able to recognise facial expressions showing:
- Happiness.
- Fear.
- Disgust.
- Anger.
- Surprise.
- Sadness.

This suggests at least these 6 emotions are cultural universals. They do not come from our cultures, but from our biology.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

What is a Duchenne smile?

A

A Duchenne smile is a genuine smile that includes not just raising the corners of the lips, but also crinkling on the corners of the eye.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

What are the three ‘F’s of animal behaviour

A
  • Feeding.
  • Fighting.
  • Sexual functioning.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

If someone is dehydrated, what is the homeostatic drive and behaviour?

A

Drive = Thirsty.
Behaviour = Drink water.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If someone has low blood sugar, what is the homeostatic drive and behaviour?

A

Drive = Hungry.
Behaviour = Eat (calories).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

If someone has a pH imbalance, what is the homeostatic drive and behaviour?

A

Drive = Peckish.
Behaviour = Eat (salty).

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

if someone needs to rest/repair, what is the homeostatic drive and behaviour?

A

Drive = Sleepy.
Behaviour = Sleep.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If someone has a CO2 buildup, what is the homeostatic drive and behaviour?

A

Drive = Out of breath.
Behaviour = breathe/pant.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

What are the autonomic responses to any deviation from the ideal temperature?

A
  • Sweating.
  • Shivering.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

What is the direct behaviour in response to any deviation from the ideal temperature?

A
  • Eating ice cream.
  • Eating soup.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

What part of the brain controls automatic physiological responses?

A

The midbrain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

What part of the brain modulates complex behavioural responses?

A

The forebrain.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

What are our physiological responses if our core temperature drops?

A
  • Shivering.
  • Muscle twitches.
  • Heat by friction.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What are our behavioural responses if our core temperature drops?

A
  • Curl up.
  • Blanket.
  • Hot drink.
    etc.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

What are our physiological responses if our core temperature rises?

A
  • Sweating.
  • Evaporation powered by body heat.
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

What are our behavioural responses if our core temperature rises?

A
  • Stretch out.
  • Strip down.
  • Swimming.
    etc.
17
Q

What are glands?

A

Glands are a kind of organ that release hormones.

18
Q

What are hormones?

A

Hormones are chemicals that get circulated throughout your body to organise body-wide physiological responses.

19
Q

What is the hypothalamus?

A

The hypothalamus is a grey matter structure in the brain that regulates homeostasis.

20
Q

What is hyperthyroidism and what are the symptoms?

A

Increased activity.
- Unusual sensitivity to heat.
- Weight loss.
- Increased appetite.
- Heart palpitations.
- Protruding eyes (exophthalmos).
- Excess sweating.
- Diarrhoea.
- Muscle weakness.
- Thyroid goitre.

21
Q

What does the thyroid gland do?

A

Release hormones that have a wide range of effects throughout the body.

22
Q

What is hypothyroidism and what are the symptoms?

A

Decreased activity.
- Cold intolerance.
- Abnormal weight gain.
- Bradycardia (slow heart rate).
- Tiredness.
- Baldness.

23
Q

What is a fever?

A

When your immune system is weaponising body heat. This is because some viruses and bacteria can’t tolerate heat change as well as your own cells, so the body increases its core temperature.

24
Q

What happens when you’re too hot?

A
  • Protein denaturation.
  • Loss of function.
25
Q

What happens when you’re too cold?

A
  • Water crystallisation.
  • Cells burst.
26
Q

Why is it a problem that the heat has bone on the outside and soft tissue on the inside?

A

This extra insulation can lead heat to build up past the safe range for brain cells.

27
Q
A
28
Q

What happens in the Mesolimbic Dopaminergic Pathway?

A

This is a network that starts with:
- Reward signals from the VTA.
- Which triggers incentive learning in the amygdala.
- And influences movement choices via the nucleus accumbens.

29
Q

What does the Ventral Tegmental Area do?

A

The VTA mediates a sense of reward.

It releases dopamine triggering a cascade through the mesolimbic dopamine pathway.

30
Q

What does the amygdala do?

A

It helps to form associations between aspects of the environment and intrinsically rewarding stimuli.

31
Q

What does the nucleus accumbens do?

A

Receives input from the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex.

These may help to make behaviour more flexible and account for context.

Biological Psychology (9 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions