Synapses & Mylination

Question 1

What is a single transmission across a synapse?

Answer 1

• action potential arise at the axon terminal

Question 2

What are neurotransmitters? What are some examples of them?

Answer 2

• are what travel from a nerve cell to a nerve cell

• serotonin
• dopamine
• GABA
• norepinephrine

Question 3

What are the two types of neurotransmitters?

Answer 3

• inhibitory and excitatory

Question 4

What is an excitatory neurotransmitter?

Answer 4

• Causes the opening of NA + channels and moves the memory potential closer towards threshold (-55MV)
• WANTS TO START THE ACTION POTENTIAL

Question 5

What are examples of excitatory neurotransmitters?

Answer 5

• adrenaline = controls, alertness and arousal
• glutamate = involved with learning memory
• dopamine = associated with learning, attention, reward and pleasure

Question 6

What is an inhibitory neurotransmitter?

Answer 6

• causes the opening of K+ plus channels and moves the member potential further away from the threshold (-55MV)
• WANTS TO STOP THE ACTION POTENTIAL

Question 7

What are examples of inhibitory neurotransmitters?

Answer 7

• serotonin = associated with mood, hunger, arousal. Also helps with sleep.
• GABA = reduces neuron excitability by inhibiting nerve transmission
• dopamine

Question 8

What is myelin?

Answer 8

• a fatty white substance that surrounds the axon of some nerve cells.
• forms an electrically insulating layer that helps in speeding up the transmission of an action potential along an axon.

Question 9

What is the pre-synaptic neuron?

Answer 9

• on one side of the cell
• transfers neurotransmitters

Question 10

What is the post-synaptic neuron?

Answer 10

• other side of the cell
• accepts the neurotransmitter