Mutations

Question 1

What is a single gene mutation?

Answer 1

• mutation is a permanent change in the nucleotide sequence of DNA

Question 2

What is a point mutation?

Answer 2

• a mutation involving a single base pair substitution

Question 3

What is a frame shift mutation?

Answer 3

• a mutation caused by the addition or deletion of number of nucleotides, not divisible by 3, resulting in a change in the reading frame

Question 4

What is a silent mutation?

Answer 4

• a mutation that does not change the amino acid sequence of a protein

Question 5

What is a misssense mutation

Answer 5

• a mutation that changes the amino acid sequence of a protein

Question 6

What is a nonsense mutation?

Answer 6

• a mutation that shorten a protein by introducing a stop codon

Question 7

What is a mutagen?

Answer 7

• an event or substance that increases the rate of changes to the DNA sequence of an organisms genome

Question 8

What is a mutagen?

Answer 8

• an event or substance that increases the rate of changes to the DNA sequence of an organisms genome

Question 9

What is a spontaneous mutation?

Answer 9

• occurs naturally in the cell during regular cellular activity

Question 10

What are induced mutations?

Answer 10

• caused by outside environmental factors

Question 11

What is a transpon?

Answer 11

• short segment of DNA capable of moving within the genome of an organism

Question 12

What are chromosome mutations?

Answer 12

• damage to DNA can also occur through the cells lifecycle. Damage to chromosomes can occur during the natural processes of mitosis or meiosis.