Aerobic Respiration Flashcards
What is aerobic respiration?
• a chemical process in which oxygen is used to make energy from carbs
What is the chemical formula for aerobic respiration?
• C6 H 1206+602+6 C02 + 6 H2O + energy
Name the 4 stages of aerobic respiration
• glycolysis
• pyruvate oxidation
• Krebs cycle
• oxidative phosphorylation
What is glycolysis in aerobic respiration?
• 2 ATP are needed to start glycolysis
• starts with a glucose and generates 2 pyruvate, 2NADH and 2 ATP
Where does glycolysis take place in the cell of aerobic respiration?
• cytosol
What is pyruvate oxidation in aerobic respiration?
• starting with the two pyruvate and generates 2 acetyl-CoA and 2NADH
• NADH will go on to the oxidative phosphorylation
Where in the cell does pyruvateoxidation occur in aerobic respiration?
• mitochondrial matrix
What is the Krebs cycle in aerobic respiration?
• starts with an acetal coA where each acetyl coA generates 3 NADH, 1 FADH2 and an ATP
How many times does the crab cycle need to occur? Why?
• twice because there are 2 acetyl coA- per glucose
Where does the Krebs cycle take place in aerobic respiration?
• mitochondrial matrix
During glycolysis NAD + is……what?
• reduced
What is oxidative phosphorylation in aerobic respiration?
• ETC makes use of all of the NADH and FADH2 that were produced in the three previous stages
• NADH and FADH2 release their electrons into the electron transport chain and dumped the hydrogen ions into the matrix
• the ETC is made up of embedded proteins in the inner mitochondrial membrane
• as electrons move through the etc, it powers, the embedded proteins to pump the hydrogen ions out of the matrix and into the inter membrane space. This then create an electrochemical gradient that is used by ATP synthesis to create ATP. This is called chemeosmosis.
• oxygen is used here as the final electron acceptor in the etc. This oxygen goes on to link up with two hydrogen iron to produce water.
How many ATP can the ETC generate
• up to 32 - 34 ATP
What is an electrochemical gradient?
• combination of two gradients
1 gradient:
• chemical gradient of a solute across a membrane
2 gradient:
• difference charge across a membrane resulting in an electrical potential
Does oxidative phosphorylation make use of an electrochemical gradient?
• yes
What is chemeosmosis?
• uses an electrochemical gradient of hydrogen ions to provide the energy needed for the phosphorylation of ATP into ATP
- enDERgonic reaction*
What are two ways that ATP is produced in aerobic respiration? explain
1: substrate-level phosphorylation
• ATP is created by the direct transfer of a phosphate group from a molecule or compound to an awaiting an ADP
2: oxidative phosphorylation:
• ATP is created using the energy generated through the oxidation of molecules (NADH and FADH2)
