Errors In DNA Replication

Question 1

What is miss pairing of nucleotides?

Answer 1

• sometimes a nucleotide compare up to a different nucleotide due to the presence of rare isomers and nucleotides or the physical misalignment of nucleotides during pairing

Question 2

What is strand slippage?

Answer 2

• sometimes strands can loop out resulting in either the addition or deletion of nucleotides in the newly synthesized strand

Question 3

What can cause strand slippage?

Answer 3

• high radiation could cause a loop

Question 4

When correcting errors do DNA replication what are 2 things we could use for proofreading and or fixing these errors

Answer 4

1. DNA polymerase II:
   • can proofread and recognize incorrect base pairings
2. DNA polymerase I:
   • can remove incorrect, nucleotides, and attach correct base pairings

Question 5

What is mismatch repair?

Answer 5

• occurs shortly after replication of the newly synthesized DNA strand. A specialized group of enzymes target deformities in the DNA strands. Using the parent strand as a guide, these enzymes remove incorrect nucleotides from the new DNA strand.

Question 6

What are telomeres?

Answer 6

• extensions of DNA at the end of DNA strands that help ensure that the ends of the template strand are completely replicated
• over, repeated replication of the gnome, tell him he has run the risk of becoming shorter and eventually prevent the proper replication of new cells
• they come from your parents
• they protect your chromosomes