Synapses and Neurotransmission Flashcards
what happens when the action potential reaches the axon terminal?
voltage gated Ca2+ channels open and Ca2+ rushes in
what does Ca2+ do when it rushes into the presynaptic neuron?
allows the vesicles to bind to the plasma membrane via SNARE proteins
what do SNARE proteins do?
allow neurotransmitters to be released into the synaptic cleft
what is enzymatic degradation?
Acetacholinesterase breaks down acetylcholine into choline and acetate – can be reuptaken into the presynaptic neuron
what are examples of reuptake?
dopamine, norepinephrine, serotonin
what is the effect of a drug that blocks acetylcholinesterase activity?
will improve strength – more Ach in the synaptic cleft, allows for more action potentials to take place
what are the main roles of alpha receptors in the blood vessels?
vasoconstriction
what are the main roles of beta receptors in the lungs?
bronchodilation
where in the body do beta 1 receptors work?
heart - increase heart rate
where in the body do beta 2 receptors work?
lungs - bronchodilate
what do beta blockers do?
decrease heart rate
what is the major mechanism of GABA?
major inhibitory neurotransmitter in the CNS
