Pancreas, Insulin, and Calcium Homeostasis

Question 1

in addition to lowering blood glucose, what other nutrients does insulin decrease in the blood?

Answer 1

amino acids, fatty acids, potassium

Question 2

in a patient with ketoacidosis, are their blood glucose levels high or low and why?

Answer 2

cells are starving because insulin isn’t allowing glucose into the cells
–glucose levels are high - they have to break down glycogen which causes biproducts that cause ketoacidosis

Question 3

how does parathyroid hormone specifically function through bone?

Answer 3

increase osteoclasts which breaks down bones to increase Ca2+ in the blood

Question 4

how does parathyroid hormone specifically function through the kidneys?

Answer 4

increases calcium reabsorption – activates vitamin D in the intestine

Question 5

how does parathyroid hormone specifically function through intestine?

Answer 5

increases calcium reabsorption from vitamin D