Sympathetic Nervous System Drugs

Question 1

Sympathomimetic: definition

Answer 1

aka Adrenergic

Stimulates or mimics a SNS response

Question 2

Sympatholytic: definition

Answer 2

aka Antiadrenergic

Inhibits an SNS response

Question 3

Alpha 1 Receptor

Answer 3

“Fight of Flight”

Positive inotrope

Vasoconstriction

Increase blood pressure

Mydriasis

Question 4

Alpha 2 Receptor

Answer 4

Sedation

Question 5

Beta 1 Receptor

Answer 5

“Heart Pounding Like a Drum”

Positive chronotrope

Positive inotrope

Question 6

Beta 2 Receptors

Answer 6

Bronchodilation

Relax GI tract

Question 7

Sympathomimetics Possible Side Effects (3)

Answer 7

Tachycardia

Hypertension

Cardiac arrhythmias

Question 8

Epinephrine: type, effects (5)

Answer 8

Non-selective sympathomimetic

Positive chronotrope

Positive inotrope

Increased BP

Bronchodilation

Antagonizes histamine

Question 9

Epinephrine: Uses (3)

Answer 9

Cardiac resuscitation

Acute allergic reactions

Added to local anesthetics to cause vasoconstriction, increase time of effect

Question 10

Epinephrine: Dosage, Administration Routes

Answer 10

Expressed as a ratio:

1:1000 = 1mg/mL, 1:10,000 = 0.1mg/mL

Injectable: IV, IM, SQ

IC, intratracheal - pt must be unconscious or anesthetized

Question 11

Dopamine/Dobutamine: Type, Effects (3)

Answer 11

Non-selective sympathomimetic

Positive inotrope

Increase blood pressure

Increase tissue perfusion

Question 12

Dopamine/Dobutamine: Uses, Administration

Answer 12

Increase cardiac output, blood pressure in critical care pt

Increase blood pressure in hypotensive anesthesia pt

IV CRI only, very short half life

Question 13

Phenylpropanolamine: Brand name, type, controlled?

Answer 13

Proin

Non-selective sympathomimetic

Controlled in OR, precursor drug for methamphetamine

Question 14

Phenylpropanolamine: Effect, Use, Potential side effects (3)

Answer 14

Increase urethral sphincter tone

Urinary incontinence, “spay incontinence”

Irritation, excitability

Increased heart rate

Increased blood pressure

Question 15

Albuterol: type, effect, use, administration

Answer 15

Selective Beta 2 sympathomimetic

Bronchodilation

Feline Asthma, Equine COPD

Oral, injectable, inhalent

Question 16

Terbutaline: Type, Effect, Use, Administration

Answer 16

Selective Beta 2 sympathomimetic

Bronchodilation

Feline Asthma, Equine COPD

Oral, injectable, inhalent

Question 17

Clenbuterol: Type, Effect, Use, Administration

Answer 17

Selective Beta 2 sympathomimetic

Bronchodilation

Feline Asthma, Equine COPD

Oral, injectable, inhalent

Question 18

Prazosin: Type, Effect, Use

Answer 18

Alpha-blocker sympatholytic

Reduces urethral sphincter tone

Reduces BP

Re-establish normal urination after a until arty obstruction

Treat systemic hypertension

Question 19

Propranolol: Type, Use, Side Effects (2)

Answer 19

Beta-adrenergic blocker sympatholytic

Treat tachyarrhythmias

Bradycardia

Bronchoconstriction

Question 20

Esmolol: Type, Use, Side Effects (2)

Answer 20

Beta-adrenergic blocker sympatholytic

Treat tachyarrhythmias

Bradycardia

Bronchoconstriction

Question 21

Atenolol: Type, Uses, Side Effects (2)

Answer 21

Beta-adrenergic blocker sympatholytic

Treat tachyarrhythmias

Treat systemic hypertension

Bradycardia

Bronchoconstriction

Question 22

Timolol: Type, Effect, Use, Administration

Answer 22

Beta-blocker sympatholytic

Reduces intraocular pressure

Treat glaucoma

Ophthalmic topical, yellow cap

Question 23

Pentobarbital: Family, Controlled?, Use

Answer 23

Barbiturate

Controlled

Euthanasia via rapid anesthetic overdose

Question 24

Pentobarbital: Administration, Prohibition

Answer 24

IV (preferred)

IP, IC, intra-renal, intrahepatic (if anesthetized)

Prohibited in animals intended for food, potentially lethal if ingested